Wilson loops in 3-dimensional N=6 supersymmetric Chern-Simons Theory and their string theory duals
Nadav Drukker, Jan Plefka, Donovan Young
备注：
28 pages. v2: references added, choice of the Wilson loop operator clarified; v3: combinatorial factor of 2 in perturbative calculation corrected; v4: typos corrected, version to be published
We study Wilson loops in the three-dimensional N=6 supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory recently constructed by Aharony, Bergman, Jafferis and Maldacena, that is conjectured to be dual to type IIA string theory on AdS_4 x CP^3. We construct loop operators in the Chern-Simons theory which preserve 1/6 of the supercharges and calculate their expectation value up to 2-loop order at weak coupling. The expectation value at strong coupling is found by constructing the string theory duals of these operators. For low dimensional representations these are fundamental strings, for high dimensional representations these are D2-branes and D6-branes. In support of this identification we demonstrate that these string theory solutions match the symmetries, charges and the preserved supersymmetries of their Chern-Simons theory counterparts.
We comment on the calculation of the Chern-Simons coefficient in (2+1)-dimensional gauge theories at finite chemical potential made by A.N.Sissakian, O.Yu.Shevchenko and S.B.Solganik (hep-th/9608159 and hep-th/9612140).
By taking into account the effect of the would be Chern-Simons term, we calculate the quantum correction to the Chern-Simons coefficient in supersymmetric Chern-Simons Higgs theories with matter fields in the fundamental representation of SU(n). Because of supersymmetry, the corrections in the symmetric and Higgs phases are identical. In particular, the correction is vanishing for N=3 supersymmetric Chern-Simons Higgs theories. The result should be quite general, and have important implication for the more interesting case when the Higgs is in the adjoint representation.
In this article it is studied the 3-brane world in the context of five-dimensional Einstein-Chern-Simons gravity. We started by considering Israel's junction condition for AdS-Chern-Simons gravity. Using the S-expansion procedure, we mapped the AdS-Chern-Simons junction conditions to Einstein-Chern-Simons gravity, allowing us to derive effective four-dimensional Einstein-Chern-Simons field equations.
We study a three-dimensional symmetric Chern-Simons field theory with a general covariance and it turns out that the original Chern-Simons theory is just a gauge fixed action of the symmetric Chern-Simons theory whose constraint algebra belongs to fully first class constraint system. The Abelian Chern-Simons theory with matter coupling is studied for the construction of anyon operators without any ordering ambiguity with the help of this symmetric Chern-Simons action. Finally we shall discuss some connections between the present symmetric formulation of Chern-Simons theory and the Stükelberg m…
By analyzing the odd parity part of the gauge field two and three point vertex functions, the one-loop radiative correction to the Chern-Simons coefficient is computed in noncommutative Chern-Simons-Higgs model at zero and at high temperature. At high temperature, we show that the static limit of this correction is proportional to $T$ but the first noncommutative correction increases as $T\log T$. Our results are analytic functions of the noncommutative parameter.
A perturbative analysis of a massive Chern-Simons is presented. The mass term is introduced in a BRST invariant way. With these method we prove that the number of independent renormalisation of massive Chern-Simons is equal to topologically massive Yang-Mills and different from pure Chern-Simons.
Noncommutative Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in 3-dimensions is defined in terms of star product and noncommutative fields. Seiberg-Witten map is employed to write it in terms of ordinary fields. A parent action is introduced and the dual action is derived. For spatial noncommutativity it is studied up to second order in the noncommutativity parameter θ. A new noncommutative Chern-Simons action is defined in terms of ordinary fields, inspired by the dual action. Moreover, a transformation between noncommuting and ordinary fields is proposed.
We study the manifestly covariant three-dimensional symmetric Chern-Simons action in terms of the Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization method. We find that the Lorentz covariant gauge fixed version of this action is reduced to the usual Chern-Simons type action after a proper field redefinition. Furthermore, the renormalizability of the symmetric Chern-Simons theory turns out to be the same as that of the original Chern-Simons theory.
Some of supersymmetric Chern-Simons theories are known to exhibit supersymmetry breaking when the Chern-Simons level is less than a certain number. The mechanism of the supersymmetry breaking is, however, not clear from the field theory viewpoint. In this paper, we discuss vacuum states of ${\cal N}=2$ pure Chern-Simons theory and ${\cal N}=2$ Chern-Simons-matter theories of quiver type using related theories in which Chern-Simons terms are replaced with (anti-)fundamental chiral multiplets. In the latter theories, supersymmetry breaking can be shown to occur by examining that the vacuum energ…
Some general features of locally supersymmetric theories (N=1 in four dimensions) involving Chern-Simons forms and antisymmetric tensors are sketched out. The relevance of the three-form multiplet both for the description of Chern-Simons forms and the supersymmetry properties of the gaugino condensate is pointed out.
We construct parity and time reversal invariant Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge theory coupled to fermions with adding the parity partner to the matter and the gauge fields, which can give nontopological vortex solutions depending on the sign of the Chern-Simons coupling constant.
I present two calculations of the holographic Weyl anomalies induced by Chern-Simons gravity theories alternative to the ones presented in the literature. The calculations presented here rest on the extension from Chern-Simons to Transgression forms as lagrangians, motivated by gauge invariance, which automatically yields the boundary terms suitable to regularize the theory. The procedure followed here sheds light in the structure of Chern-Simons gravities and their regularization.
We derive the noncommutative Chern-Simons action induced by Dirac fermions coupled to a background gauge field, for the fundamental, antifundamental, and the adjoint representation. We discuss properties of the noncommutative Chern-Simons action showing in particular that the Seiberg-Witten formula maps it into the standard commutative Chern-Simons action.
The relation between the Dirac quantization condition of magnetic charge and the quantization of the Chern-Simons coefficient is obtained. It implies that in a (2+1)-dimensional QED with the Chern-Simons topological mass term and the existence of a magnetic monopole with magnetic charge $g$, the Chern-Simons coefficient must be also quantized, just as in the non-Abelian case.
We comment on the regularization of the expectation values of Wilson surfaces for the bosonic string in the (3+1) dimensions. We analyze the singular behaviors of propagator for the Chern-Simons action with the additional higher order terms.
The relation between open topological strings and Chern-Simons theory was discovered by E. Witten. He proved that A-model on T*M where M is a three-dimensional manifold is equivalent to Chern-Simons theory on M and that A-model on arbitrary Calabi-Yau 3-fold is related to Chern-Simons theory with instanton corrections. In present paper we discuss multidimensional generalization of these results.
The BRST quantization of matrix Chern-Simons theory is carried out, the symmetries of the theory are analysed and used to constrain the form of the effective action.
We explain how static multi-vortex solutions arise in non-linear field theories, by taking the non-linear Schrödinger equation coupled to Chern-Simons field (Jackiw-Pi model) and a fermion Chern-Simons theory as simple examples. We then construct a fermion Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory which has consistent static field equations, and show that it has the same vortex solutions as the Jackiw-Pi model, but gives rise to quite different vortex dynamics.
We show explicitly that the question of gauge invariance of the effective potential in standard scalar electrodynamics remains unchanged despite the introduction of the Chern-Simons term. The result does not depend on the presence of the Maxwell term in the Chern-Simons territory.
We study one-loop correction to the Chern-Simons coefficient $κ=k/4π$ in $N=1,2,3$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills Chern-Simons systems. In the pure bosonic case, the shift of the parameter $k$ is known to be $k\rightarrow k + c_v$, where $c_v$ is the quadratic Casimir of the gauge group. In the $N=1$ case, the fermionic contribution cancels the bosonic contribution by half and the shift is $k \rightarrow k+ c_v/2$, making the theory anomalous if $c_v$ is odd. In the $N=2,3$ cases, the fermionic contribution cancels the bosonic contribution completely and there is no correction. We also calculate th…
The use of the physical variables in the fashion of Dirac in the three-dimensional Chern-Simons theories is presented. Our previous results are reinterpreted in a new aspect.
The renormalization of the Chern-Simons parameter is investigated by using an exact and manifestly gauge invariant evolution equation for the scale-dependent effective average action.
The large-mass behaviour of loop variables in Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory is analysed by means of a gauge-field transformation which allows to reset the Maxwell-Chern-Simons action to pure Chern-Simons.
We argue that N=2 supersymmetric Chern-Simons theories exhibit a strong-weak coupling Seiberg-type duality. We also discuss supersymmetry breaking in these theories.
We study the effect of noncommutative Chern-Simons term on fundamental fermions. In particular the one-loop contribution to the magnetic moment to order $þ$ is calculated.
Strong/weak coupling duality in Chern-Simons supergravity is studied. It is argued that this duality can be regarded as an example of superduality. The use of supergroup techniques for the description of Chern-Simons supergravity greatly facilitates the analysis.
We consider here a generalization of the Abelian Higgs model in curved space, by adding a Chern--Simons term. The static equations are self-dual provided we choose a suitable potential. The solutions give a self-dual Maxwell--Chern--Simons soliton that possesses a mass and a spin.
We quantize the Maxwell Chern Simons theory in a geometric representation that generalizes the Abelian Loop Representation of Maxwell theory. We find that in the physical sector, the model can be seen as the theory of a massles scalar field with a topological interaction that enforces the wave functional to be multivalued. This feature allows to relate the Maxwell Chern Simons theory with the quantum mechanics of particles interacting through a Chern Simons field
We study the relation between the partition function of refined SU(N) and SO(2N) Chern-Simons on the 3-sphere and the universal Chern-Simons partition function in the sense of Mkrtchyan and Veselov. We find a four-parameter generalization of the integral representation of universal Chern-Simons that includes refined SU(N) and SO(2N) Chern-Simons for special values of parameters. The large N expansion of the integral representation of refined SU(N) Chern-Simons explicitly shows the replacement of the virtual Euler characteristic of the moduli space of complex curves with a refined Euler charact…
The Chern-Simons topological term coefficient is derived at arbitrary finite density. As it occures that $μ^2 = m^2$ is the crucial point for Chern-Simons. So when $μ^2 < m^2 μ$--influence disappears and we get the usual Chern-Simons term. On the other hand when $μ^2 > m^2$ the Chern-Simons term vanishes because of non-zero density of background fermions. In particular for massless case parity anomaly is absent at any finite density. This result holds in any odd dimension as in abelian so as in nonabelian cases.
We search for vortices in a generalized Abelian Chern-Simons model with a nonstandard kinetic term. We illustrate our results, plotting and comparing several features of the vortex solution of the generalized model with those of the vortex solution found in the standard Chern-Simons model.
Three dimensional Yang-Mills gauge theories in the presence of the Chern-Simons action are seen as being generated by the pure topological Chern-Simons term through nonlinear covariant redefinitions of the gauge field
We derive the Kac-Moody algebra and Virasoro algebra in Chern-Simons theory with boundary by using the symplectic reduction method and the Noether procedures.
We consider the AdS/CFT correspondence for theories with a Chern-Simons term in three dimensions. We find the two-point functions of the boundary conformal field theories for the Proca-Chern-Simons theory and the Self-Dual model. We also discuss particular limits where we find the two-point function of the boundary conformal field theory for the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory. In particular our results are consistent with the equivalence between the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory and the Self-Dual model.
Various aspects including the construction and the symmetries of Abelian Chern-Simons vortices are reviewed. Extended version of the Lectures delivered at NIKHEF (Amsterdam), July 2006. Typos corrected, some refernces added.
We develop the superfield background field method and study the effective action in the N=2, d3 supersymmetric Chern-Simons-matter systems. The one-loop low-energy effective action for non-Abelian supersymmetric Chern-Simons theory is computed to order $F^4$ by use of N = 2 superfield heat kernel techniques.
We review the relevance to the black hole entropy problem of boundary dynamics in Chern-Simons gravity. We then describe a recent derivation of the action induced on the four dimensional boundary in a five dimensional Chern-Simons gravity theory with gauge invariant, anti-deSitter boundary conditions.
We describe constructing solutions of the field equations of Chern-Simons and topological BF theories in terms of deformation theory of locally constant (flat) bundles. Maps of flat connections into one another (dressing transformations) are considered. A method of calculating (nonlocal) dressing symmetries in Chern-Simons and topological BF theories is formulated.
We derive the framing anomaly of four-dimensional holomorphic-topological Chern-Simons theory formulated on the product of a topological surface and the complex plane. We show that the presence of this anomaly allows one to couple four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory to holomorphic field theories with Kac-Moody symmetry, where the Kac-Moody level $k$ is critical $k=-h^{\vee}$. Applying this result to a holomorphic sigma model into a complex coadjoint orbit, we derive that four-dimensional Chern-Simons theory admits holomorphic monodromy defects.
We construct the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric extensions of different models containing a Chern-Simons term and study their BPS structure. We find that the coupling of the Chern-Simons term to the general gauged nonlinear $σ$-model allows for general potentials depending on the Kähler metric and preserving two supersymmetries. We construct from supersymmetry the potentials that allow for BPS structures in different $\mathbb{C}P^{N}$ models coupled to Chern-Simons and Maxwell terms. We also couple the Chern-Simons term to a higher-derivative field theory (the baby Skyrme model) and study its …
We study dynamics of non-relativistic Chern-Simons solitons, both in the absence and in the presence of external fields. We find that a phase, related to the $1$-cocyle of the Galileo group, must be included to give the correct dynamical behavior. We show that interactions among Chern-Simons solitons are mediated by an effective Chern-Simons gauge field induced by the solitons. In the two soliton case, we evaluate analytically the effective interaction Lagrangian, which previously was found numerically.
We develop a method for relating the boundary effective action associated with an orbifold of the D+1 dimensional theory of a p-form field to D dimensional fluxed Chern-Simons type of terms. We apply the construction to derive from twelve dimensions the Chern-Simons terms of the eleven dimensional supergravity theory in the presence of flux.
The gauge theory-formulation of string-motivated lineal gravity proposed by Cangemi and Jackiw is obtained by dimensional reduction from $(2+1)$ dimensional gravity with a Chern-Simons Lagrangian.
We show that the coefficient of the three-dimensional Chern-Simons action on the noncommutative plane must be quantized. Similar considerations apply in other dimensions as well.
The Chern-Simons invariants of irreducible U(n)- flat connections on compact hyperbolic 3-manifolds of the form Γ\H^3 are derived. The explicit formula for the Chern-Simons functional is given in terms of Selberg type zeta functions related to the twisted eta invariants of Atiyah-Patodi-Singer.
We consider a family of local BRS-invariant higher covariant derivative regularizations of $SU(N)$ Chern-Simons theory that do not shift the value of the Chern-Simons parameter $k$ to $k+\,{\rm sign}(k)\,\cv$ at one loop.
The Chern-Simons topological term dynamical generation in the effective action is obtained at arbitrary finite density. By using the proper time method and perturbation theory it is shown that $μ^2 = m^2$ is the crucial point for Chern-Simons. So when $μ^2 < m^2 μ$--influence disappears and we get the usual Chern-Simons term. On the other hand when $μ^2 > m^2$ the Chern-Simons term vanishes because of non-zero density of background fermions. In particular for massless case parity anomaly is absent at any finite density. This result holds in any odd dimension as in abelian so as in nonabelian c…
We investigate the effects of the Chern-Simons coupling on the high energy behavior in the $(2+1)$-dimensional Chern-Simons QED with a four-Fermi interaction. Using the $1/N$ expansion we discuss the Chern-Simons effects on the critical four-Fermi coupling at $O(1/N)$ and the $β$ function around it. High-energy behavior of Green's functions is also discussed. By explicit calculation, we find that the radiative correction to the Chern-Simons coupling vanishes at $O(1/N)$ in the broken phase of the dynamical parity symmetry. We argue that no radiative corrections to the Chern-Simons term arise a…
We investigate the quantum consistency of p-form Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics in 3p+2 spacetime dimensions (for p odd). These are the dimensions where the Chern--Simons term is cubic, i.e., of the form FFA. For the theory to be consistent at the quantum level in the presence of magnetic and electric sources, we find that the Chern--Simons coupling constant must be quantized. We compare our results with the bosonic sector of eleven dimensional supergravity and find that the Chern--Simons coupling constant in that case takes its corresponding minimal allowed value.
We study the possibility of establishing the dual equivalence between the noncommutative Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory and the noncommutative self-dual theory. It turns to be that whereas in the commutative case the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory can be mapped into the sum of the self-dual theory and the Chern-Simons theory, in the noncommutative case such a mapping is possible only for the theory with the modified Maxwell term.
