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arXiv 0809.2492astro-ph
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旧银河系疏散星团FSR1716和Czernik23

The old Galactic open clusters FSR1716 and Czernik23

Charles Bonatto, Eduardo Bica

摘要:

在银河系中,比$\sim4$ Gyr更老的疏散星团是罕见的。受一系列质量减少过程的影响,大多数疏散星团的恒星成分在比$\sim1$ Gyr更短的时间尺度内溶解到磁场中。从这个意义上说,改进旧天体的统计数据可能会为更好地理解疏散星团的动力学溶解提供限制。等时线拟合表明FSR 1716更可能是一个古老的($\sim7$ Gyr)和被吸收的($\aV=6.3\pm0.2$)疏散星团,位于太阳圈内的一个受污染的中心场中的$\approx0.6$ kpc。然而,我们不能排除低质量、松散的球状星团的可能性。Czernik 23被证明是一个几乎没有吸收的疏散星团,$\sim5$ Gyr old,位于反中心约2.5 kpc。在这两种情况下,太阳和亚太阳($[Fe/H]\sim-0.5$)的金属丰度等时线代表同样好的恒星序列。这两个星团都有一个低质量的内容($\la200 \ms$)目前存储在恒星。它们相对较小的核心和星团半径与其他年龄相近的疏散星团相当。这些结构参数很可能是恒星演化、与盘的潮汐相互作用(FSR 1716的膨胀)以及巨大分子云造成的质量损失的结果。Czernik 23,特别是FSR 1716,是极端动力幸存者的罕见例子。这两个星系的发现代表着银河系中已知的比$\sim4$ Gyr更老的疏散星团中$\approx10%$的数量有所增加。

英文摘要:

Open clusters older than $\sim4$ Gyr are rare in the Galaxy. Affected by a series of mass-decreasing processes, the stellar content of most open clusters dissolves into the field in a time-scale shorter than $\sim1$ Gyr. In this sense, improving the statistics of old objects may provide constraints for a better understanding of the dynamical dissolution of open clusters. Isochrone fits indicate that FSR 1716 is more probably an old ($\sim7$ Gyr) and absorbed ($\aV=6.3\pm0.2$) open cluster, located $\approx0.6$ kpc inside the Solar circle in a contaminated central field. However, we cannot rule out the possibility of a low-mass, loose globular cluster. Czernik 23 is shown to be an almost absorption-free open cluster, $\sim5$ Gyr old, located about 2.5 kpc towards the anti-centre. In both cases, Solar and sub-Solar ($[Fe/H]\sim-0.5$) metallicity isochrones represent equally well the stellar sequences. Both star clusters have a low mass content ($\la200 \ms$) presently stored in stars. Their relatively small core and cluster radii are comparable to those of other open clusters of similar age. These structural parameters are probably consequence of the several Gyrs of mass loss due to stellar evolution, tidal interactions with the disk (and bulge in the case of FSR 1716), and possibly giant molecular clouds. Czernik 23, and especially FSR 1716, are rare examples of extreme dynamical survivors. The identification of both as such represents an increase of $\approx10%$ to the known population of open clusters older than $\sim4$ Gyr in the Galaxy.

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