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用高阶单点统计量检测和提取再电离时期的信号

Detection and extraction of signals from the epoch of reionization using higher order one-point statistics

Geraint J. A. Harker, Saleem Zaroubi, Rajat M. Thomas, Vibor Jelic, Panagiotis Labropoulos, Garrelt Mellema, Ilian T. Iliev, Gianni Bernardi, Michiel A. Brentje… 展开作者

Geraint J. A. Harker, Saleem Zaroubi, Rajat M. Thomas, Vibor Jelic, Panagiotis Labropoulos, Garrelt Mellema, Ilian T. Iliev, Gianni Bernardi, Michiel A. Brentjens, A. G. de Bruyn, Benedetta Ciardi, Leon V. E. Koopmans, V. N. Pandey, Andreas H. Pawlik, Joop Schaye, Sarod Yatawatta

摘要:

在早期宇宙中探测到中性氢的红移21厘米辐射,有望对再电离时代(EoR)给出直接的限制。然而,从大几个数量级的前景和噪声中提取宇宙学信号(CS)将是非常具有挑战性的。幸运的是,该信号具有一些将其与前景和噪声区分开的特征,我们建议使用正确的统计数据可以梳理出再电离的特征。我们生成模拟数据立方体模拟低频阵列(LOFAR)EoR实验的输出。这些立方体将银河系和河外前景的真实模型以及噪音与CS的三种不同模拟相结合。我们拟合出在频率方向上平滑的前景,以在每个频带中产生残差图像。我们对这些图像进行去噪,并研究图像中的一点分布作为频率的函数的偏斜度。我们发现,在足够乐观的假设下,我们可以恢复的主要特征的红移演化的偏度在21厘米的信号。我们认为,这些功能中的一些-如在再电离开始下降,随后上升到其后期阶段-可能是通用的,并给我们一个有前途的路线再电离的统计检测。

英文摘要:

Detecting redshifted 21cm emission from neutral hydrogen in the early Universe promises to give direct constraints on the epoch of reionization (EoR). It will, though, be very challenging to extract the cosmological signal (CS) from foregrounds and noise which are orders of magnitude larger. Fortunately, the signal has some characteristics which differentiate it from the foregrounds and noise, and we suggest that using the correct statistics may tease out signatures of reionization. We generate mock datacubes simulating the output of the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) EoR experiment. These cubes combine realistic models for Galactic and extragalactic foregrounds and the noise with three different simulations of the CS. We fit out the foregrounds, which are smooth in the frequency direction, to produce residual images in each frequency band. We denoise these images and study the skewness of the one-point distribution in the images as a function of frequency. We find that, under sufficiently optimistic assumptions, we can recover the main features of the redshift evolution of the skewness in the 21cm signal. We argue that some of these features - such as a dip at the onset of reionization, followed by a rise towards its later stages - may be generic, and give us a promising route to a statistical detection of reionization.

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