负能量与场论
Negative Energies and Field Theory
摘要：
真空是最小能态的假设，在幺正变换下不变，是量子场论的基础。然而，电荷守恒意味着电荷密度的等时换位子及其时间导数对于两个空间分离的点为零的断言与真空是最低能态的要求不一致。然而，要使量子场论成为规范不变的，这个对易子必须为零。本文探讨了如何在量子电动力学解决这个难题。
英文摘要：
The assumption that the vacuum is the minimum energy state, invariant under unitary transformations, is fundamental to quantum field theory. However, the assertion that the conservation of charge implies that the equal time commutator of the charge density and its time derivative vanish for two spatially separated points is inconsistent with the requirement that the vacuum be the lowest energy state. Yet, for quantum field theory to be gauge invariant, this commutator must vanish. This essay explores how this conundrum is resolved in quantum electrodynamics.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
