探测星系晕中超对称暗物质的蓝图
A blueprint for detecting supersymmetric dark matter in the Galactic halo
摘要：
暗物质是宇宙中物质的主要形式，但其性质尚不为人所知。它可能是一种基本粒子，也许是已知粒子种类中最轻的超对称伙伴。在这种情况下，银河系晕中暗物质的湮灭应该会产生伽马射线，其水平可能很快就会被观测到。先前的研究认为，湮灭信号将由非常小的团块（甚至可能比地球还小）的发射主导，这些团块在矮卫星星系的暗物质晕中聚集在一起时最容易被检测到。在这里，我们使用有史以来最大的模拟星系晕的形成，这种小尺度的结构，事实上，对暗物质的可探测性的影响可以忽略不计。更确切地说，占主导地位的、可能最容易探测到的信号将由银河系主晕中的弥散暗物质产生。如果主晕被强烈探测到，那么小的暗物质团块也应该是可见的，但很可能不包含恒星，从而证实了冷暗物质（CDM）模型的关键预测。
英文摘要：
Dark matter is the dominant form of matter in the universe, but its nature is unknown. It is plausibly an elementary particle, perhaps the lightest supersymmetric partner of known particle species. In this case, annihilation of dark matter in the halo of the Milky Way should produce gamma-rays at a level which may soon be observable. Previous work has argued that the annihilation signal will be dominated by emission from very small clumps (perhaps smaller even than the Earth) which would be most easily detected where they cluster together in the dark matter halos of dwarf satellite galaxies. Here we show, using the largest ever simulation of the formation of a galactic halo, that such small-scale structure will, in fact, have a negligible impact on dark matter detectability. Rather, the dominant and likely most easily detectable signal will be produced by diffuse dark matter in the main halo of the Milky Way. If the main halo is strongly detected, then small dark matter clumps should also be visible, but may well contain no stars, thereby confirming a key prediction of the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model.
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