南极洲PPB-BETS飞行的高能电子观测
High-energy electron observations by PPB-BETS flight in Antarctica
摘要：
利用南极极地巡逻气球（PPB）进行了长时间的气球飞行，观测到了能量从10 GeV到800 GeV的宇宙线电子。2004年1月，在平均海拔35公里处进行了为期13天的观测。该探测器是一个成像量热计，它由插入在9个辐射长度的铅板之间的纤维带和塑料散热器组成。该探测器的性能已通过CERN-SPS束流测试和蒙特卡罗模拟验证。成功地开发了使用商业铱卫星的新遥测系统，太阳能电池供电，以及使用CPU的自动液位控制，并在飞行期间运行。从气球观测的长期观测资料中，我们导出了能量范围从100 GeV到800 GeV的宇宙线电子的能谱。此外，我们第一次推导出电子到达方向超过100 GeV，这是一致的各向同性分布。
英文摘要：
We have observed cosmic-ray electrons from 10 GeV to 800 GeV by a long duration balloon flight using Polar Patrol Balloon (PPB) in Antarctica. The observation was carried out for 13 days at an average altitude of 35 km in January 2004. The detector is an imaging calorimeter composed of scintillating-fiber belts and plastic scintillators inserted between lead plates with 9 radiation lengths. The performance of the detector has been confirmed by the CERN-SPS beam test and also investigated by Monte-Carlo simulations. New telemetry system using a commercial satellite of Iridium, power supply by solar batteries, and automatic level control using CPU have successfully been developed and operated during the flight. From the long duration balloon observations, we derived the energy spectrum of cosmic-ray electrons in the energy range from 100 GeV to 800 GeV. In addition, for the first time we derived the electron arrival directions above 100 GeV, which is consistent with the isotropic distribution.
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