模仿的生存益处：一个定量框架
Survival benefits in mimicry: a quantitative framework
摘要：
拟态是物种之间的相似性，至少对一个物种有利。这是一种普遍存在的进化现象，在被捕食物种中尤其常见，在这种情况下，优势包括更好地保护免受捕食。我们制定了一个数学描述的拟态之间的猎物物种，研究拟态的好处和缺点。基本设置涉及微分方程的数量代表捕食者的行为，即，概率攻击猎物在下一次遇到。使用这个框架，我们提出了新的定量结果，并提供了一个统一的描述的一个重要部分的定量模仿文学。新的研究结果包括被捕食物种之间的“暂时”互惠共生，以及模仿者生存利益最大的最佳密度。形式主义自然导致在几个方向上的扩展，如模仿的进化，模仿与种群动力学的相互作用等，我们证明了这种可扩展性，提出了一些探索时空格局动力学。
英文摘要：
Mimicry is a resemblance between species that benefits at least one of the species. It is a ubiquitous evolutionary phenomenon particularly common among prey species, in which case the advantage involves better protection from predation. We formulate a mathematical description of mimicry among prey species, to investigate benefits and disadvantages of mimicry. The basic setup involves differential equations for quantities representing predator behavior, namely, the probabilities for attacking prey at the next encounter. Using this framework, we present new quantitative results, and also provide a unified description of a significant fraction of the quantitative mimicry literature. The new results include `temporary' mutualism between prey species, and an optimal density at which the survival benefit is greatest for the mimic. The formalism leads naturally to extensions in several directions, such as the evolution of mimicry, the interplay of mimicry with population dynamics, etc. We demonstrate this extensibility by presenting some explorations on spatiotemporal pattern dynamics.
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