光晶格中的耦合双组分原子气体
Coupled two-component atomic gas in an optical lattice
摘要：
本文对一维光晶格超冷原子（玻色子或费米子）的理想耦合二元气体基态进行了从头算研究。由于原子的内部两能级结构，布里渊区是晶格势周期性所施加的两倍大。这反映在布洛赫色散曲线中，其中能带有规律地具有几个局部最小值。因此，当系统参数在共振条件下调谐时，发生非零温度相变，这是由内部原子能和动力学原子能之间的相互作用引起的。对于费米子，这种相变具有拓扑性质，因为费米面的结构在临界值附近发生变化。结果表明，这些现象在二维和三维光晶格中同样存在。
英文摘要：
We present an ab initio study of the ground state of an ideal coupled two-component gas of ultracold atoms in a one dimensional optical lattice, either bosons or fermions. Due to the internal two-level structure of the atoms, the Brillouin zone is twice as large as imposed by the periodicity of the lattice potential. This is reflected in the Bloch dispersion curves, where the energy bands regularly possess several local minima. As a consequence, when the system parameters are tuned across a resonance condition, a non-zero temperature phase transition occurs which arises from an interplay between internal and kinetic atomic energies. For fermions, this phase transition is of topological character since the structure of the Fermi surface is changed across the critical value. It is shown that these phenomena are also expected to occur for two and three dimensional optical lattices.
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