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arXiv 0808.3422astro-ph
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棒星系的动力学:盘高度的影响

Dynamics of barred galaxies: effects of disk height

A. Klypin, O. Valenzuela, P. Colin, T. Quinn

摘要:

我们研究了嵌入在现实的暗物质晕中的盘星系模型中的棒动力学。我们发现,磁盘厚度起着重要的作用,如果不是占主导地位的酒吧的演变和结构。我们还进行了广泛的数值试验不同的N体代码用于研究杆动力学。在这种类型的建模中通常使用的具有厚圆盘的模型(高度与长度比hz/Rd=0.2)产生缓慢旋转且非常长的杆。相比之下,更现实的薄盘具有相同的参数,在我们的银河系(赫兹/Rd= 0.1)产生的酒吧与正常长度Rbar约R_d,快速旋转的共转半径与酒吧半径的比值1.2-1.4兼容的观测。在这些模型中的棒并没有表现出减速的趋势,并且由于在宇宙时间内与暗物质的动力学摩擦,可能会损失2- 3%的角动量。我们将模型之间的差异归因于薄盘模型中的高相空间密度和较小的Jeans质量的综合效应,这导致形成致密的中心凸起。特别注意的是,如轨道积分,力和质量分辨率的准确性的数值效果。使用三个N体代码-小工具,ART和Pkdgrav -我们发现,数值效应是非常重要的,如果不仔细对待,可能会产生不正确的和误导性的结果。一旦以足够小的时间步长以及足够的力和质量分辨率进行模拟,所有代码都会产生几乎相同的结果:我们没有发现使用TREE代码(Gadget和Pkdgrav)和自适应网格细化(ART)代码获得的结果之间存在任何系统偏差。

英文摘要:

We study dynamics of bars in models of disk galaxies embeded in realistic dark matter halos. We find that disk thickness plays an important, if not dominant, role in the evolution and structure of the bars. We also make extensive numerical tests of different N-body codes used to study bar dynamics. Models with thick disks typically used in this type of modeling (height-to-length ratio hz/Rd=0.2) produce slowly rotating, and very long, bars. In contrast, more realistic thin disks with the same parameters as in our Galaxy (hz/Rd= 0.1) produce bars with normal length Rbar approx R_d, which rotate quickly with the ratio of the corotation radius to the bar radius 1.2-1.4 compatible with observations. Bars in these models do not show a tendency to slow down, and may lose as little as 2-3 percent of their angular momentum due to dynamical friction with the dark matter over cosmological time. We attribute the differences between the models to a combined effect of high phase-space density and smaller Jeans mass in the thin disk models, which result in the formation of a dense central bulge. Special attention is paid to numerical effects such as the accuracy of orbital integration, force and mass resolution. Using three N-body codes -- Gadget, ART, and Pkdgrav -- we find that numerical effects are very important and, if not carefully treated, may produce incorrect and misleading results. Once the simulations are performed with sufficiently small time-steps and with adequate force and mass resolution, all the codes produce nearly the same results: we do not find any systematic deviations between the results obtained with TREE codes (Gadget and Pkdgrav) and with the Adaptive-Mesh-Refinement (ART) code.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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