文物建筑保护框架中换填石材组合方法的意义
Significance of a combined approach for replacement stones in the heritage buildings' conservation frame
摘要：
石材替代是文物建筑修复过程中的常规操作，但当采石场被开采殆尽时，建筑师和修复人员就会遇到问题。长期以来，替代宝石与原始宝石的兼容性主要基于美学方面，这往往导致原始宝石和替代宝石在几年后由于属性的差异而具有不同的包浆。在这项研究中，目的是展示如何替代石头可以选择相结合的美学标准和石头的属性是相关的分析其兼容性。一对夫妇的法国石灰岩与其潜在的替代石被选为研究。我们的研究结果表明，潜在的替代石头选择他们的审美标准需要被拒绝，因为他们的物理性能的差异。另一方面，我们的研究结果也表明了选择具有令人满意的美学外观和特性的替代宝石的可能性，这些特性使得能够期望与原始宝石具有令人满意的兼容性。
英文摘要：
Stone substitution is a conventional operation during heritage buildings' restoration, but becomes problematic for architects and restorers when the quarry is mined out. The compatibility of the substitution stones with the original ones has been for long mainly based on the aesthetical aspect, this resulting too often in a patchwork of original and substitution stones with different patina after several years because of differences of properties. In this study, the objective is to show how substitution stones can be selected by combining aesthetic criteria and stones properties that are relevant for analyzing their compatibility. A couple of French limestones with their potential substitution stones were selected for the study. Our results showed that potential substitution stones selected on their aesthetic criteria require to be rejected because of their differences of physical properties. On the other hand, our results showed also the possibility to select substitution stones with satisfactory aesthetic aspect and properties that enable to expect a satisfactory compatibility with the original stone.
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