DNA液晶相中的焦磷酸基团
Pyrophosphate Groups in Liquid Crystalline Phases of the DNA
摘要：
我们研究了DNA分子之间的静电相互作用，其中糖-磷酸骨架上的一些磷酸基团被交换为焦磷酸基团。我们采用一个模型，其中的DNA被认为是一个一维晶格的偶极子和电荷对应的碱基对和（焦）磷酸基团，分别。DNA分子之间的相互作用由两组偶极子之间的静电力的对势$U$和属于描述分子的相应晶格的电荷描述。电势的最小值$U$表示分子的取向有序，从而表示DNA的液晶相。我们使用数值方法来寻找一组最小值结合验证潜在的$U$的对称性。这些对称构成了一个8阶非交换群${\cal S}$。使用组${\cal S}$，我们提出了DNA的液晶相的分类，它允许几个液晶相，即多态性。焦磷酸盐形式的DNA可以澄清电荷在其液晶相中所起的作用，并有助于实验研究，这对纳米技术和生物医学应用很重要。
英文摘要：
We study electrostatic interaction between molecules of the DNA in which a number of phosphate groups of the sugar-phosphate backbone are exchanged for the pyrophosphate ones. We employ a model in which the DNA is considered as a one-dimensional lattice of dipoles and charges corresponding to base pairs and (pyro)phosphate groups, respectively. The interaction between molecules of the DNA is described by a pair potential $U$ of electrostatic forces between the two sets of dipoles and charges belonging to respective lattices describing the molecules. Minima of potential $U$ indicate orientational ordering of the molecules and thus liquid crystalline phases of the DNA. We use numerical methods for finding the set of minima in conjunction with symmetries verified by potential $U$. The symmetries form a noncommutative group of 8-th order, ${\cal S}$. Using the group ${\cal S}$ we suggest a classification of liquid crystalline phases of the DNA, which allows of several cholesteric phases, that is polymorphism. Pyrophosphate forms of the DNA could clarify the part played by charges in its liquid crystalline phases, and make for experimental research, important for nano-technological and bio-medical applications.
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