二重 Ramanujan 稀疏化器
Twice-Ramanujan Sparsifiers
AI总结:
本文证明每个图均存在边数与顶点数成线性关系的谱稀疏化器,其效果至少与 Ramanujan 扩展图相当,并给出了确定性多项式时间构造算法。
摘要:
我们证明每个图都有一个边数与其顶点数成线性关系的谱稀疏化器。由于完全图的线性大小谱稀疏化器是扩展图,我们对任意图的稀疏化器可以被视为扩展图的推广。具体而言,我们证明对于每个 $d>1$ 以及每个具有 $n$ 个顶点的无向加权图 $G=(V,E,w)$,存在一个加权图 $H=(V,F,\tilde{w})$,其边数至多为 $\lceil d(n-1) \rceil$,使得对于每个 $x \in \mathbb{R}^{V}$,\\[ x^{T}L_{G}x \leq x^{T}L_{H}x \leq (\frac{d+1+2\sqrt{d}}{d+1-2\sqrt{d}})\cdot x^{T}L_{G}x \\] 其中 $L_{G}$ 和 $L_{H}$ 分别是 $G$ 和 $H$ 的拉普拉斯矩阵。因此,$H$ 在谱上近似 $G$ 的效果至少与具有 $dn/2$ 条边的 Ramanujan 扩展图近似完全图的效果一样好。我们给出了一种用于构造 $H$ 的基本确定性多项式时间算法。
英文摘要:
We prove that every graph has a spectral sparsifier with a number of edges linear in its number of vertices. As linear-sized spectral sparsifiers of complete graphs are expanders, our sparsifiers of arbitrary graphs can be viewed as generalizations of expander graphs. In particular, we prove that for every $d>1$ and every undirected, weighted graph $G=(V,E,w)$ on $n$ vertices, there exists a weighted graph $H=(V,F,\tilde{w})$ with at most $\lceil d(n-1) \rceil$ edges such that for every $x \in \mathbb{R}^{V}$, \[ x^{T}L_{G}x \leq x^{T}L_{H}x \leq (\frac{d+1+2\sqrt{d}}{d+1-2\sqrt{d}})\cdot x^{T}L_{G}x \] where $L_{G}$ and $L_{H}$ are the Laplacian matrices of $G$ and $H$, respectively. Thus, $H$ approximates $G$ spectrally at least as well as a Ramanujan expander with $dn/2$ edges approximates the complete graph. We give an elementary deterministic polynomial time algorithm for constructing $H$.
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