质子-电子质量比宇宙演化的严格零约束
Stringent null constraint on cosmological evolution of the proton-to-electron mass ratio
摘要：
我们提出了一个强有力的约束变化的质子-电子质量比，亩，在宇宙学的时间尺度上使用光学类星体光谱中的分子氢跃迁。利用类星体Q 0405 -443、Q 0347 -383和Q 0528 -250的高质量光谱，相对于今天的值，μ的变化被限制在（Δ μ）/μ =（2.6 +/- 3.0）x 10^（-6）。我们减少了系统误差相比，以前的工作，大大提高了光谱波长校准方法，并通过拟合吸收轮廓的森林氢莱曼α跃迁周围的每个H_2过渡。我们的结果与无变化一致，并且与之前涉及Q 0405 -443和Q 0347 -383的mu变化的约4 sigma检测不一致。如果这项工作的结果和那些表明α可能变化的结果都是正确的，那么这将倾向于不利于某些大统一模型。
英文摘要：
We present a strong constraint on variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio, mu, over cosmological time scales using molecular hydrogen transitions in optical quasar spectra. Using high quality spectra of quasars Q0405-443, Q0347-383 and Q0528-250, variation in mu relative to the present day value is limited to (Delta mu)/mu=(2.6 +/- 3.0) x 10^(-6). We reduce systematic errors compared to previous works by substantially improving the spectral wavelength calibration method and by fitting absorption profiles to the forest of hydrogen Lyman alpha transitions surrounding each H_2 transition. Our results are consistent with no variation, and inconsistent with a previous approx 4 sigma detection of mu variation involving Q0405-443 and Q0347-383. If the results of this work and those suggesting that alpha may be varying are both correct, then this would tend to disfavour certain grand unification models.
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