等离子体和高频引力子的热历史
Thermal history of the plasma and high-frequency gravitons
摘要：
在轻核合成之前，辐射主导的演化可能会发生偏差，这会影响高频引力子的光谱能量密度。为了系统地审查这种情况，$Λ$ CDM范例必须由（至少两个）分别描述阈值频率和斜率的物理参数来补充。补充频率标度设置了高频域的下边界，其中频谱能量以主要取决于膨胀后等离子体的总声速的斜率增长。虽然引力子能谱的红外区域几乎是标度不变的，但通过要求后膨胀等离子体的总声速小于光速，在与模型无关的框架中分析了大于0.01 nHz的典型频率的预期信号。当前（例如，低频）上限张量功率谱（从三个大规模的数据集的综合分析确定）被证明是兼容的宽带干涉仪的频率范围内的可检测信号。在目前的情况下，审查的早期演化的声速的等离子体，然后可以映射到一个可靠的策略参数提取，不仅包括完善的宇宙学观测，但也即将到来的数据从宽带干涉仪。
英文摘要：
Possible deviations from a radiation-dominated evolution, occurring prior the synthesis of light nuclei, impacted on the spectral energy density of high-frequency gravitons. For a systematic scrutiny of this situation, the $Λ$CDM paradigm must be complemented by (at least two) physical parameters describing, respectively, a threshold frequency and a slope. The supplementary frequency scale sets the lower border of a high-frequency domain where the spectral energy grows with a slope which depends, predominantly, upon the total sound speed of the plasma right after inflation. While the infra-red region of the graviton energy spectrum is nearly scale-invariant, the expected signals for typical frequencies larger than 0.01 nHz are hereby analyzed in a model-independent framework by requiring that the total sound speed of the post-inflationary plasma be smaller than the speed of light. Current (e.g. low-frequency) upper limits on the tensor power spectra (determined from the combined analysis of the three large-scale data sets) are shown to be compatible with a detectable signal in the frequency range of wide-band interferometers. In the present context, the scrutiny of the early evolution of the sound speed of the plasma can then be mapped onto a reliable strategy of parameter extraction including not only the well established cosmological observables but also the forthcoming data from wide band interferometers.
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