玄武质小行星在主带中的分布
The Distribution of Basaltic Asteroids in the Main Belt
摘要：
我们提出的观测结果的调查，旨在目标和检测小行星的颜色是类似的灶神星家庭成员，因此可能被视为候选人具有玄武岩成分。选择了50个玄武岩候选者，其轨道要素位于灶神星动力学家族之外。光学和近红外光谱被用来分配一个分类类型的50个候选人中的11个。其中10颗被光谱确认为V型小行星，这表明大多数候选者都是玄武岩，可以用来限制主带中玄武岩物质的分布。使用我们的V型候选者的目录和调查的成功率，我们计算无偏的大小频率和V型小行星的半长轴分布。这些分布，加上对玄武岩物质总质量的估计，表明灶神星是主带玄武岩小行星清单的主要贡献者，然而来自内太阳系（a < 2.0天文单位）和其他部分/完全分化的天体的分散星子可能有助于这一清单。特别是，我们推断在小行星15 Eunomia附近存在玄武岩碎片，这些碎片可能来自中间主带的分化母体（2.5 < a < 2.8）。我们没有发现大量以前未发现的玄武岩小行星的小行星证据，这与以前的理论相一致，即来自陨石收藏中代表的约100个不同母体的玄武岩碎片已经被“打成碎片”[Burbine，T.H.，Meibom，A.，Binzel，R.P.，1996.主带中的地幔物质：被打成碎片？Met. & Planet. Sci. 31，607]。
英文摘要：
We present the observational results of a survey designed to target and detect asteroids whose colors are similar to those of Vesta family members and thus may be considered as candidates for having a basaltic composition. Fifty basaltic candidates were selected with orbital elements that lie outside of the Vesta dynamical family. Optical and near-infrared spectra were used to assign a taxonomic type to 11 of the 50 candidates. Ten of these were spectroscopically confirmed as V-type asteroids, suggesting that most of the candidates are basaltic and can be used to constrain the distribution of basaltic material in the Main Belt. Using our catalog of V-type candidates and the success rate of the survey, we calculate unbiased size-frequency and semi-major axis distributions of V-type asteroids. These distributions, in addition to an estimate for the total mass of basaltic material, suggest that Vesta was the predominant contributor to the basaltic asteroid inventory of the Main Belt, however scattered planetesimals from the inner Solar System (a < 2.0 AU) and other partially/fully differentiated bodies likely contributed to this inventory. In particular, we infer the presence of basaltic fragments in the vicinity of asteroid 15 Eunomia, which may be derived from a differentiated parent body in the middle Main Belt (2.5 < a < 2.8). We find no asteroidal evidence for a large number of previously undiscovered basaltic asteroids, which agrees with previous theories suggesting that basaltic fragments from the ~100 differentiated parent bodies represented in meteorite collections have been "battered to bits" [Burbine, T.H., Meibom, A., Binzel, R.P., 1996. Mantle material in the Main Belt: Battered to bits? Met. & Planet. Sci. 31, 607].
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