Spin-Based Quantum Computers made by Chemistry: Hows and Whys

英文摘要：

This introductory review discusses the main problems facing the attempt to build quantum information processing systems (like quantum computers) from spin-based qubits. We emphasize 'bottom-up' attempts using methods from chemistry. The essentials of quantum computing are explained, along with a description of the qubits and their interactions in terms of physical spin qubits. The main problem to be overcome is decoherence - how this works is described, along with ways to suppress contributions from spin bath and oscillator bath environments, and from dipolar interactions. Finally we discuss various strategies for making chemistry-based spin qubits, using both magnetic molecules and magnetic ions.