衡量共同作者和网络调整的科学影响
Measuring co-authorship and networking-adjusted scientific impact
摘要：
用生产力和引用指标评估研究人员、团队和机构的科学影响力具有重大影响。个人的资助和晋升以及团队和机构的生存取决于出版物和引用。在这样的竞争环境下，每篇论文的作者数量不断增加，显然有些合著者不符合作者标准。个人捐款的清单仍然是零星的，也容易被操纵。为了衡量单个科学家或一组科学家的网络强度，需要对合著模式进行分析。在这里，我将单个科学家的I1定义为出现在特定科学家的至少I1论文中的作者数量。对于一组科学家或机构，In定义为至少出现在In论文中的作者数量，这些论文具有该团体或机构的从属关系。I1取决于撰写的论文数量Np。I1和Np之间关系的幂指数R将科学家分为孤独（R>2.5）、核心（R=2.25-2.5）、网络（R=2-2.25）、广泛网络（R=1.75-2）或合作者（R<1.75）。R可以用来调整合著网络对科学家的引用影响。类似地，它提供了一个简单的衡量有效网络规模的方法，以调整团体或机构的引用影响。为单个科学家和机构提供了拟议指标的经验数据。在科学评价中谨慎地采用对合著和网络的调整，可能会激励发表文章中更负责任的合著行为。
英文摘要：
Appraisal of the scientific impact of researchers, teams and institutions with productivity and citation metrics has major repercussions. Funding and promotion of individuals and survival of teams and institutions depend on publications and citations. In this competitive environment, the number of authors per paper is increasing and apparently some co-authors don't satisfy authorship criteria. Listing of individual contributions is still sporadic and also open to manipulation. Metrics are needed to measure the networking intensity for a single scientist or group of scientists accounting for patterns of co-authorship. Here, I define I1 for a single scientist as the number of authors who appear in at least I1 papers of the specific scientist. For a group of scientists or institution, In is defined as the number of authors who appear in at least In papers that bear the affiliation of the group or institution. I1 depends on the number of papers authored Np. The power exponent R of the relationship between I1 and Np categorizes scientists as solitary (R>2.5), nuclear (R=2.25-2.5), networked (R=2-2.25), extensively networked (R=1.75-2) or collaborators (R<1.75). R may be used to adjust for co-authorship networking the citation impact of a scientist. In similarly provides a simple measure of the effective networking size to adjust the citation impact of groups or institutions. Empirical data are provided for single scientists and institutions for the proposed metrics. Cautious adoption of adjustments for co-authorship and networking in scientific appraisals may offer incentives for more accountable co-authorship behaviour in published articles.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
