SAURON项目- XII。早型星系中的运动学亚结构：快旋星系中盘的证据
The SAURON project - XII. Kinematic substructures in early-type galaxies: evidence for disks in fast rotators
摘要：
[摘要]我们分析了48个早期型星系的二维地图，这些星系是用SAURON和OASIS积分场摄谱仪获得的，使用的是运动学，一种将表面光度学推广到视线速度分布高阶矩（LOSVD）的方法。在SAURON样本中，我们发现31%的早型星系是单组分系统。91%的多部件系统有两个运动子部件，其余的有三个。此外，29%的星系有运动学解耦的组件，核组件具有显着的运动学扭曲。我们发现，除了运动子分量之间的过渡区域之外，快速旋转体的速度图与倾斜盘的速度图非常相似。在E/S 0分类方面，这意味着74%的Es和92%的S 0具有盘状运动学组件。对于大多数的快速转子，运动轴比等于或小于其光度轴比，相反的预测与各向同性牛仔裤模型在不同的倾角。快旋体的位置角是恒定的，而慢旋体的位置角是突变的。正面星系的速度色散图具有类似于光分布的形状。我们构建了本地（bin的bin）h3 - V/sigma和h4 - V/sigma图从SAURON观测。我们证实了h3与Vσ的经典反相关，但也发现在某些天体中h3几乎为零，甚至与V/σ弱相关。快速和慢速旋转体的h4分布平均为轻度正值。慢转子和快转子之间的差异在LOSVD的所有时刻都是可追踪的，有证据表明不同的内在形状和轨道内容，因此可能有不同的进化路径。
英文摘要：
[Abridged] We analysed two-dimensional maps of 48 early-type galaxies obtained with the SAURON and OASIS integral-field spectrographs using kinemetry, a generalisation of surface photometry to the higher order moments of the line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD). In the SAURON sample, we find that 31% of early-type galaxies are single component systems. 91% of the multi-components systems have two kinematic subcomponents, the rest having three. In addition, 29% of galaxies have kinematically decoupled components, nuclear components with significant kinematic twists. We find that the velocity maps of fast rotators closely resemble those of inclined disks, except in the transition regions between kinematic subcomponents. In terms of E/S0 classification, this means that 74% of Es and 92% of S0s have components with disk-like kinematics. For the majority of fast rotators, the kinematic axial ratios are equal to or less than their photometric axial ratios, contrary to what is predicted with isotropic Jeans models viewed at different inclinations. The position angles of fast rotators are constant, while they vary abruptly in slow rotators. Velocity dispersion maps of face-on galaxies have shapes similar to the distribution of light. We constructed local (bin-by-bin) h3 - V/sigma and h4 - V/sigma diagrams from SAURON observations. We confirm the classical anti-correlation of h3 and Vσ, but we also find that h3 is almost zero in some objects or even weakly correlated with V/sigma. The distribution of h4 for fast and slow rotators is mildly positive on average. The difference between slow and fast rotators is traceable throughout all moments of the LOSVD, with evidence for different intrinsic shapes and orbital contents and, hence, likely different evolutionary paths.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
