会话发起协议（SIP）服务器过载控制：设计与评估
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Server Overload Control: Design and Evaluation
摘要：
会话发起协议（SIP）服务器可能会因紧急情况引起的呼叫量、“美国偶像”式的闪光人群效应或拒绝服务攻击而过载。SIP服务器过载问题很有趣，因为服务或拒绝SIP会话的成本可能相似。为此，基于生成拒绝消息的内置SIP过载控制机制无法防止服务器在重负载下进入拥塞崩溃。SIP过载问题要求回推控制解决方案，其中潜在过载的接收服务器可以通知其上游发送服务器使它们仅发送接收服务器的处理能力内的负载量。推回框架可以通过基于速率的反馈或基于窗口的反馈来实现。反馈机制的核心是用于生成负载调节信息的算法。我们提出了三个新的基于窗口的反馈算法，并评估他们与现有的两个基于速率的反馈算法。我们比较了不同的算法在稳定和可变负载下的调谐参数和性能的数量。此外，我们确定了两类公平性要求SIP过载控制，即，以用户为中心和提供商为中心的公平性。随着一个新的双馈SIP过载控制架构的引入，我们展示了如何算法可以满足这些公平性标准。
英文摘要：
A Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) server may be overloaded by emergency-induced call volume, ``American Idol'' style flash crowd effects or denial of service attacks. The SIP server overload problem is interesting especially because the costs of serving or rejecting a SIP session can be similar. For this reason, the built-in SIP overload control mechanism based on generating rejection messages cannot prevent the server from entering congestion collapse under heavy load. The SIP overload problem calls for a pushback control solution in which the potentially overloaded receiving server may notify its upstream sending servers to have them send only the amount of load within the receiving server's processing capacity. The pushback framework can be achieved by either a rate-based feedback or a window-based feedback. The centerpiece of the feedback mechanism is the algorithm used to generate load regulation information. We propose three new window-based feedback algorithms and evaluate them together with two existing rate-based feedback algorithms. We compare the different algorithms in terms of the number of tuning parameters and performance under both steady and variable load. Furthermore, we identify two categories of fairness requirements for SIP overload control, namely, user-centric and provider-centric fairness. With the introduction of a new double-feed SIP overload control architecture, we show how the algorithms can meet those fairness criteria.
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