地下实验中子本底的计算
Calculation of neutron background for underground experiments
摘要：
新一代暗物质实验的目标是探索10 e-9 - 10 e-10 pb区域的WIMP-核子标量相互作用。探测器组件中产生的中子是限制探测器灵敏度的主要因素之一。从这个来源的背景估计，然后成为设计未来的大规模探测器的关键任务。对于探测器内部和周围的所有材料，都需要来自放射性污染的中子的能谱和产生率。为了估计中子产额和能谱，应该知道（a，n）反应的截面和跃迁到不同激发态的几率。用Empire2.19计算了几种同位素的截面和跃迁几率，并与实验数据进行了比较。结果已被用来计算中子谱的材料使用代码Sources4A。本文估算了一个基于锗晶体的假想暗物质探测器中某些探测器元件的中子本底事件率。从这些模拟的结果中推导出了材料的放射性纯度的一些要求。
英文摘要：
New generation dark matter experiments aim at exploring the 10e-9 - 10e-10 pb cross-section region for the WIMP-nucleon scalar interactions. Neutrons produced in the detector components are one of the main factors that can limit detector sensitivity. Estimation of the background from this source then becomes a crucial task for designing future large-scale detectors. Energy spectra and production rates for neutrons coming from radioactive contamination are required for all materials in and around the detector. In order to estimate neutron yields and spectra, the cross-sections of (a,n) reactions and probabilities of transitions to different excited states should be known. Cross-sections and transition probabilities have been calculated using Empire2.19 for several isotopes, and for some isotopes, a comparison with the experimental data is shown. The results have been used to calculate the neutron spectra from materials using the code Sources4A. Neutron background event rates from some detector components in a hypothetical dark matter detector based on Ge crystals have been estimated. Some requirements for the radiopurity of the materials have been deduced from the results of these simulations.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
