重新审视双光子衰变：级联贡献和规范不变性
Two-Photon Decays Reexamined: Cascade Contributions and Gauge Invariance
摘要：
本文计算了低核电荷数Z（主量子数n = 2，..）的类氢离子双光子跃迁nS-> 1 S和nD-> 1 S的双光子衰变率。8.在非相对论性框架内得到了数值结果，发现结果的标度近似为（Z α）^6/n^3，其中α是精细结构常数。我们还试图澄清一些微妙的问题，关于治疗的相干，准同时发射的两个光子，而不是单光子级联。特别地，明确地示出了衰变率的规范不变性。
英文摘要：
The purpose of this paper is to calculate the two-photon decay rate corresponding to the two-photon transitions nS->1S and nD->1S in hydrogenlike ions with a low nuclear charge number Z (for principal quantum numbers n = 2,...,8. Numerical results are obtained within a nonrelativistic framework, and the results are found to scale approximately as (Z alpha)^6/n^3, where alpha is the fine-structure constant. We also attempt to clarify a number of subtle issues regarding the treatment of the coherent, quasi-simultaneous emission of the two photons as opposed to one-photon cascades. In particular, the gauge invariance of the decay rate is shown explicitly.
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