This is a pedagogical and self-contained review on obtaining electroweak precision constraints on TeV scale new physics using the effective theory method. We identify a set of relevant effective operators in the standard model and calculate from them corrections to all major electroweak precision observables. The corrections are compared with data to put constraints on the effective operators. Various approaches and applications in the literature are reviewed.
In models with supersymmetry breaking by boundary conditions on an extra dimension it is possible to relate in a quantitative natural way the Fermi scale to the size of the extra dimension. We analyze in detail the compatibility of such models with ElectroWeak Precision Tests.
The calculation of electroweak precision observables in the MSSM is reviewed. The description of the 1997 data and the results of updated global fits are discussed in comparison with the Standard Model.
In this proceeding, we highlight the computation of leading fermionic three-loop corrections to electroweak precision observables (EWPOs) accomplished recently. We summarize the numerical analysis and provide an outlook.
We update our analysis of technicolour theories with techniquarks in higher dimensional representations of the technicolour gauge group in the light of the new electroweak precision data on the Z resonance.
We study the impact of LEP2 constraints on the dimensionless coefficients of the electroweak chiral Lagrangian on the precision observables using the improved renormalization group equations. We find that the current uncertainty in the triple and quartic gauge boson couplings can accommodate electroweak symmetry breaking models with $S(Λ=1 \textrm{TeV}) > 0$.
A critical assessment is given of the comparison between the new versions of the programs TOPAZ0 40i and ZFITTER 510. The relevance for precision calculations around the $\zb$ resonance is briefly discussed. << more references added >>
The role of the top quark in the Standard Model predictions for electroweak precision observables is reviewed and the implications of the experimental data for the indirect determination of the top mass range is discussed.
Precision measurements of electroweak observables provide stringent tests of the Standard Model structure and an accurate determination of its parameters. An overview of the present experimental status is presented.
Invited Talk presented at the First Arctic Workshop on Particle Physics, Saariselkae, August 1994 and at the Workshop on Elementary Particles and Quantum Field Theory, Moscow, September 1994
The little Higgs idea is an alternative to supersymmetry as a solution to the gauge hierarchy problem. In this note, I review various little Higgs models and their phenomenology with emphases on the precision electroweak constraints in these models.
Precision measurements of electroweak observables provide stringent tests of the Standard Model structure and an accurate determination of its parameters. A brief overview of the present experimental status is presented. A more extensive discussion can be found in Ref. hep-ph/9711279
The status of the electroweak Standard Model is reviewed in the light of recent precision data and new theoretical results which have contributed to improve the predictions for precision observables, together with the remaining inherent theoretical uncertainties. Consequences for possible new physics are also discussed.
1. Introduction 2. Status of the Data 3. Precision Electroweak Data and the Standard Model 4. A More General Analysis of Electroweak Data 4.1 Basic Definitions and Results 4.2 Experimental Determination of the Epsilon Variables 4.3 Comparing the Data with the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model 5. Theoretical Limits on the Higgs Mass 6. Conclusion
I give a basic introduction to precision electroweak analysis, beginning with calculation at tree-level which most simply illustrates the procedure. I then work out the formalism for one-loop corrections to the vector boson self energies (oblique corrections). This is a tractable subset of the complete electroweak program. Not only does this exercise provide an analytically accessible demonstration of the theory involved in electroweak precision analyses, it also teaches students a useful technique to analyze a large class of theories beyond the Standard Model.
The first part of these lectures provides a brief introduction to the concepts and techniques of effective field theory. The second part reviews precision electroweak constraints using effective theory methods. Several simple extensions of the Standard Model are considered as illustrations. The appendix contains some new results on the one-loop contributions of electroweak triplet scalars to the T parameter and contains a discussion of decoupling in that case.
In this talk we discuss the phenomenology of models with replicated electroweak gauge symmetries, based on a framework with the gauge structure [SU(2) or U(1)] x U(1) x SU(2) x SU(2).
Adding radion perturbations (up to second order) to the static (RS) metric allows us to calculate the general first and second order interactions of the radion field with the electroweak vector bosons. We use these interactions to compute precision electroweak observables in the case of Higgs-radion mixing and compare with experiment.
Review of the electroweak sector of the minimal standard model, Basic LEP processes at the tree level, 1-loop radiative corrections in the on-shell renormalization scheme, Star scheme and oblique corrections, Introduction to oblique parameters.
Measurements of the cross section for $\bar ν_e e^-$ elastic scattering with unprecedented precision have recently been proposed. The impact of these experiments for detecting possible deviations from the standard electroweak theory is analyzed and compared with that of several other measurements.
The status of several precisely measured electroweak parameters is reviewed. Natural relations among them are shown to constrain the Higgs mass, m_H, as well as various ``New Physics'' effects. Indications of an anomalous Zb anti-b coupling are discussed. Constraints on excited W^* bosons are given.
I consider the low energy limit of Little Higgs models. The method consists in eliminating the heavy fields using their classical equations of motion in the infinite mass limit. After the elimination of the heavy degrees of freedom one can directly read off deviations from the precision electroweak data. I also examine the effects on the low energy precision experiments.
A model of electroweak-scale right-handed neutrino (\ewnur) model was constructed five years ago in which the right-handed neutrinos are members of mirror fermion weak doublets and where the Majorana masses of the right-handed neutrinos are found to be {\em naturally} of the order of the electroweak scale. These features facilitate their searches at the LHC through signals such as like-sign dilepton events. This model contains, in addition to the mirror quarks and leptons, extra scalars transforming as weak triplets. In this paper, we study the constraints imposed on these additional particles…
In 5 dimensions the electroweak symmetry can be broken by boundary conditions, leading to a new type of Higgsless theories. These could in principle improve on the 4D case by extending the perturbative domain to energies higher than $4 πv$ and by allowing a better fit to the electroweak precision tests. Nevertheless, it is unlikely that both these improvements can be achieved, as we show by discussing these problems in an explicit model.
I summarise the virtual effects of the new particles predicted by supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model on the high-precision electroweak observables measured at LEP/SLC, the Tevatron and CLEO. I will then discuss in some details the two-loop SUSY-QCD corrections to the $ρ$ parameter.
Several proposals for dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking and fermion mass generation involve strong gauge interactions with a characteristic scale of a few hundred GeV. The detection of the glueballs which should occur in such models would be a indication of the non-Abelian nature of the gauge theories operating at this scale. We discuss signatures for these particles.
We study the low energy limit of Little Higgs models. The method consists in eliminating the heavy fields using their classical equations of motion in the infinite mass limit. After the elimination of the heavy degrees of freedom we can directly read off deviations from the precision electroweak data. We also examine the effects on the low energy precision experiments.
Using precision electroweak data, we put limits on ``natural'' top-color assisted technicolor models. Generically the new $U(1)$ gauge bosons in these models must have masses larger than roughly 2 TeV, although in certain (seemingly unrealistic) models the bound can be much lower.
The status of the precision tests of the electroweak interactions is reviewed in this paper. An emphasis is put on the Standard Model analysis based on measurements at LEP/SLC and the Tevatron. The results of the measurements of the electroweak mixing angle in the NuTeV experiment and the future prospects are discussed.
Phenomenologically relevant electroweak precision pseudo-observables related to Z-boson physics are discussed in the context of the strong experimental demands of future $e^+e^-$ colliders. The recent completion of two-loop Z-boson results is summarized and a prospect for the 3-loop Standard Model calculation of the Z-boson decay pseudo-observable is given.
I consider the possibility that electroweak symmetry is broken by a strongly interacting chiral gauge theory. I argue that some of the discrepancies between precision electroweak measurements and the predictions of QCD-like technicolor models can be resolved if technicolor is a chiral gauge theory. I present a toy technicolor model which demonstrates this idea, and gives $ m_t \gg m_b$, with a small value for $Δρ_* \equiv αT $, and small corrections to $Z \rightarrow b \overline{b}$.
In this paper we express the effect of new physics on gauge boson self energy corrections through non-renormalizable dimension six operators. Using the precision electroweak data we then determine a lower bound on the scale $ł$ associated with the underlying new physics. The lower bound on $ł$ is then used to derive an upper bound on $m_h$ through the triviality relation.
We perform a global analysis of electroweak precision measurements to find constraints on physics beyond the Standard Model. In particular, we discuss oblique parameters, which are useful to constrain additional matter fields, as well as extra $Z$ bosons, and supersymmetry. We also summarize the present information on the Higgs boson mass.
We show that high energy measurements of Drell-Yan at the LHC can serve as electroweak precision tests. Dimension-6 operators, from the Standard Model Effective Field Theory, modify the high energy behavior of electroweak gauge boson propagators. Existing measurements of the dilepton invariant mass spectrum, from neutral current Drell-Yan at 8 TeV, have comparable sensitivity to LEP. We propose measuring the transverse mass spectrum of charged current Drell-Yan, which can surpass LEP already with 8 TeV data. The 13 TeV LHC will elevate electroweak tests to a new precision frontier.
The 1999 precision electroweak data from LEP and SLC persist in showing some slight discrepancies from the assumed standard model, mostly regarding $b$ and $c$ quarks. We show how their mixing with exotic heavy quarks could result in a more consistent fit of all the data, including two unconventional interpretations of the top quark.
Little Higgs theories are a fascinating new idea to solve the little hierarchy problem by stabilizing the Higgs mass against one-loop quadratically divergent radiative corrections. In this talk I give a brief overview of the idea, focusing mainly on the littlest Higgs model, and present a sampling of the electroweak precision constraints.
The manner in which the parameters of a two-Higgs-doublet model can be chosen so that no Higgs boson is discovered at a $\sqrt{s}\leq 800\gev$ $\epem$ collider, while maintaining consistency with current precision electroweak measurements, is described. The importance of a Giga-$Z$ factory and higher collider energies for such a scenario is emphasized.
The minimal supersymmetric extension of standard model (MSSM) is examined by analyzing its quantum effects on the precision electroweak measurements and the muon g-2. We examine carefully the effects of light charginos and neutralinos that are found to improve the fit to the electroweak data. We identify two distinct regions on the $(μ, M_2)$-plane that fit well to the electroweak data and give significant contribution to muon g-2.
We update our analysis of precision electroweak measurements using the latest data announced at Moriond, March 1998. Possible oblique corrections from new physics are parametrized using the STU formalism of Ref.[1], and non-oblique corrections to the Zbb vertex are parametrized using the xi_b zeta_b formalism of Ref.[2]. The implications of the analysis on minimal SU(5) grand unification is discussed.
We discuss the selection of fermion representations in technicolor models with a view toward minimizing technicolor contributions to the precision electroweak $S$ parameter. We present and analyze models that involve one technifermion SU(2)$_L$ doublet with standard-model singlet technifermion sectors that lead to walking behavior, which further reduces $S$. We also consider models that have technifermions in higher-dimensional representations and study embeddings in extended technicolor theories.
We review a number of theoretical developments in Precision Electroweak Physics that are closely connected with the interpretation of experiments. The emphasis is on the test of the Standard Model at the level of its quantum corrections, the search for the Higgs boson, and constraints on new physics.
Precision electroweak measurements have been claimed to eliminate almost all models of technicolor. We show that the assumptions made to calculate the oblique parameters $S$,$T$,$U$ apply to QCD--like technicolor models which were ruled out long ago on much firmer grounds. These assumptions are invalid in modern ``walking'' technicolor models.
We present a brief review of recent attempts to construct effective theories to describe the breaking of the electroweak symmetry in extensions of the Standard Model with new strongly interacting dynamics around the TeV scale. Particular attention is devoted to the analogies of Higgsless models with Chiral Perturbation Theory (the low-energy limit of QCD).
The utility of precision electroweak measurements for predicting the Standard Model Higgs mass via quantum loop effects is discussed. Current constraints from $m_W$ and $\sinsthw\mzms$ imply a relatively light Higgs $\lsim 154$ GeV which is consistent with Supersymmetry expectations. The existence of Supersymmetry is further suggested by a discrepancy between experiment and theory for the muon anomalous magnetic moment. Constraints from precision studies on other types of ``New Physics'' are also briefly described.
The S,T, and U formalism for studying electroweak precision data has recently been updated to include the effects of new light physics and within this analysis the latest LEP and SLC data tightly constrain models of physics beyond the Standard Model. We re-examine the constraints on additional strong and weakly interacting fermion families in the light of these developments. We conclude that the precision data favour models with at least one fermion with a mass below 150GeV.
The status of various precisely measured electroweak parameters is reviewed. Natural relations among them are shown to constrain the Higgs mass, m_H, via quantum loop effects to relatively low values. A comparison with direct Higgs searches is made.
We review the current status of precision electroweak measurements and the constraints they impose on new physics. We perform a model independent analysis using the STU-formalism of Ref. 1, and then discuss how the Z-pole data from LEP and SLD can be used to constrain models that are not covered within that framework.
Present global fits to electroweak data are characterized by two results that differ from Standard Model expectations by about 3 sigma, the NuTeV measurement of sin^2theta_W and the FB b quark asymmetries measured at LEP. I review possible SM and new physics explanations of these anomalies and the implications for the indirect determination of the Higgs mass.
I review constraints on the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson from high energy electroweak (EW) precision data. The same data set also strongly limits various mixing effects of hypothetical extra neutral gauge bosons (Z') with the ordinary Z. I also discuss low energy precision measurements which are sensitive to other aspects of Z' physics, such as the direct exchange amplitude and the flavor or CP violating sectors.
The analysis of the newest data on the leptonic $Z$-decays and $m_W$ appears to reveal the first manifestations of electroweak radiative corrections. In fact, these data differ, at the level of $2σ$, from their electroweak Born values, while they agree, to within $1σ$, with the theoretical values which take the electroweak radiative corrections into account. Previous data were within $1σ$ in agreement with both sets of values.
We compute corrections to precision electroweak observables in supersymmetry in the limit that scalar superpartners are very massive and decoupled. This leaves charginos and neutralinos and a Standard Model-like Higgs boson as the only states with unknown mass substantially affecting the analysis. We give complete formulas for the chargino and neutralino contributions, derive simple analytic results for the pure gaugino and higgsino cases, and study the general case. We find that in all circumstances, the precision electroweak fit improves when the charginos and neutralinos are near the curren…
The aim of this article is to review the very important role played by radiative corrections in precision electroweak physics, in the framework of both the Fermi Theory of Weak Interactions and the Standard Theory of Particle Physics. Important theoretical developments, closely connected with the study and applications of the radiative corrections, are also reviewed. The role of radiative corrections in the analysis of some important signals of new physics is also discussed.
