超冷玻色子小旋转云中的对称守恒涡团
Symmetry-conserving vortex clusters in small rotating clouds of ultracold bosons
摘要：
研究了一类特殊的关联多体波函数--旋转涡团（RVC）的性质。与打破旋转对称的平均场Gross-Pitaevskii（GP）态相比，它们具有较低的能量并提供了对涡旋形成的优越描述。GP涡旋态是由这些RVC态组成的波包。我们的结果表明，对于少量的玻色子，其物理性质与理想的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体不同，理想的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体表征较大的集合体
英文摘要：
The properties of a special class of correlated many-body wave functions, named rotating vortex clusters (RVCs), that preserve the total angular momentum of a small cloud of trapped rotating bosons are investigated. They have lower energy and provide a superior description for the formation of vortices compared to the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) states that break the rotational symmetry. The GP vortex states are shown to be wave packets composed of such RVC states. Our results suggest that, for a small number of bosons, the physics is different from that of ideal Bose-Einstein condensates which characterize larger assemblies
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