未来电子-离子对撞机设施中的e+A计划
The e+A programme at a future Electron-Ion Collider facility
摘要：
当x较小时，胶子分布支配核波函数。这种增长需要被驯服，以避免违反幺正性约束。在对撞机中研究这一点的最有效方法是通过e+A碰撞，因为原子核是高胶子密度物理学的有效放大器。为此，有人建议在美国建造一台e+A机器，它将在很大的能量和质量范围内运行。这些研究还将允许与A+A碰撞进行深入的比较，最近的结果给出了一种新的物质状态的诱人暗示，这种物质状态具有部分自由度。由于胶子相互作用是硬探针的主要来源，因此在定量解释结果之前必须了解胶子相互作用本身。
英文摘要：
At small x, the gluon distribution dominates the nuclear wave function. The increase needs to be tamed in avoid violating unitarity constraints. The most efficient way to study this in colliders is through e+A collisions as the nucleus is an efficient amplifier of the physics of high gluon densities. To this end, there are proposals to build an e+A machine in the USA which would operate over a large range of energies and masses. These studies would also allow an in-depth comparison to A+A collisions where recent results have given tantalising hints of a new state of matter produced with partonic degrees of freedom. As gluon interactions are the dominant source of hard probes, they themselves must be understood before the results are explained quantitatively.
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