荧光探测器的几何重构
Geometry reconstruction of fluorescence detectors revisited
摘要：
荧光观测实验技术用于目前和计划中的旨在了解超高能宇宙射线起源的空气簇射实验。在荧光技术中，簇射的几何形状是从望远镜探测到的信号的到达时间和入射角之间的相关性重建的。到目前为止，在簇射重建代码中使用的预期光到达时间的计算是基于几个假设的。特别地，假设在簇射阵面通过期间瞬时产生荧光光子，并且荧光光子以真空光速在直线上朝向望远镜传播。我们调查这些假设的有效性，如何纠正它们，以及采用现实条件时对重建参数的影响。根据簇射与望远镜的相对方位，光到达时间的修正可以达到100 ns，到达方向的修正可以达到0.1 °，簇射最大深度的修正可以达到5 g/cm^2。这些发现也与“混合”观测的情况有关，其中簇射同时由荧光和表面探测器记录。
英文摘要：
The experimental technique of fluorescence light observation is used in current and planned air shower experiments that aim at understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. In the fluorescence technique, the geometry of the shower is reconstructed from the correlation between arrival time and incident angle of the signals detected by the telescope. The calculation of the expected light arrival time used so far in shower reconstruction codes is based on several assumptions. Particularly, it is assumed that fluorescence photons are produced instantaneously during the passage of the shower front and that the fluorescence photons propagate on a straight line with vacuum speed of light towards the telescope. We investigate the validity of these assumptions, how to correct them, and the impact on reconstruction parameters when adopting realistic conditions. Depending on the relative orientation of the shower to the telescope, corrections can reach 100 ns in expected light arrival time, 0.1 deg in arrival direction and 5 g/cm^2 in depth of shower maximum. The findings are relevant also for the case of "hybrid" observations where the shower is registered simultaneously by fluorescence and surface detectors.
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