道路缓解措施对两栖动物种群的影响：一个阶段级种群数学模型
Impact of road mitigation measures on amphibian populations: A stage-class population mathematical model
摘要：
现在已经确定两栖动物正在遭受广泛的衰退和灭绝。除其他原因外，城市化是造成生境减少、生境破碎和大量道路死亡的原因。在这方面，迫切需要制定和评估适当的养护措施。使用每年的两个无尾类物种在瑞士的一个地点的迁移成年人的人口普查，我们研究了道路缓解措施的影响-永久性的道路下隧道与引导沟-沿着一条道路分离越冬森林繁殖湿地。我们观察到，成年移徙人口没有表现出任何长期趋势，但在道路缓解措施实施后的几年内出现了短暂的增加。使用额外的数据集，如气候数据和在控制区获得的人口普查，我们表明，所观察到的迁移人口的模式不能用我们掌握的任何其他数据来解释。然后，我们检查作为一个工作假设是否安装的道路下的隧道可以解释所观察到的瞬态或没有。为此，我们使用一个简单的人口模型，并表明，道路缓解措施与资源竞争可以成功地解释实验观察。最后，我们讨论了进一步评估这一假设的要求，以及保护规划者的后果。
英文摘要：
It is now well established that amphibians are suffering widespread decline and extinctions. Among other causes, urbanization is responsible for habitat reduction, habitat fragmentation and massive road kills. In this context, it is urgent to develop and assess appropriate conservation measures. Using yearly censuses of migrating adults of two anuran species at one location in Switzerland, we examined the impact of a road mitigation measure - permanent under-road tunnels with guiding trenches - along a road separating wintering forests from breeding wetlands. We observe that the adult migrating populations do not exhibit any long-term trend but undergo a transient increase a few years after the installation of the road mitigation measure. Using additional datasets like climatic data and censuses obtained in a control area, we show that the observed pattern of migrating populations cannot be explained by any other data at our disposal. We then checked as a working hypothesis whether the installation of under-road tunnels could explain the observed transient or not. To this end, we use a simple population model and show that the road mitigation measure together with competition for resources can successfully explain the experimental observations. We conclude by discussing the requirements for further assessment of this hypothesis as well as consequences for conservation planners.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
