小麦哲伦云的XMM-牛顿观测：2006年10月至2007年6月期间活动的Be/X射线双星
XMM-Newton observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud: Be/X-ray binary pulsars active between October 2006 and June 2007
摘要：
我们分析了2006年10月至2007年6月期间对小麦哲伦云（SMC）进行的8次XMM-牛顿观测，以研究高质量X射线双星系统。我们发现了新的周期为202 s（XMMU J005929.0-723703）、342 s（XMMU J005403.8-722632）、645 s（XMMU J005535.2-722906）和325 s（XMMU J005252.1-721715）的X射线双星，后者证实了钱德拉数据中的独立发现。此外，我们还发现了16个已知的Be/X射线双星和6个ROSAT分类的候选高质量X射线双星。从其中一个候选者RX J0058.2-7231中，我们发现了周期为291 s的X射线脉动，这使其成为XTE J 0051 -727的可能对应物。从已知的脉冲星中，我们将CXTEJ010206.6 -714115的脉冲周期修正为967 s，并在爆发中探测到了18.37 s的脉冲星XTEJ 0055 -727（= XMMJ004911.4 -724939），这使我们能够定位源。X射线谱的脉冲轮廓显示出从平滑到高度结构化的图案和不同的能量依赖性的各种各样的形状。对于所有候选的高质量X射线双星光学对应物可以确定的星等和颜色一致的Be星。其中20颗Be/X射线双星的X射线光度范围为1.5 × 10^35 erg/s -5.5 × 10^36 erg/s。大部分光谱由吸收幂律很好地表示，其平均功率律指数为0.93。吸收（除了银河系前景值之外）在10^20 H cm^-2到10^22 H cm^-2的很大范围内变化。吸收与总SMC HI柱密度的整体相关性表明，在X射线光谱中看到的吸收通常主要是由星际气体引起的。
英文摘要：
(abridged) We analysed eight XMM-Newton observations toward the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), performed between October 2006 and June 2007, to investigate high mass X-ray binary systems. We found new X-ray binary pulsars with periods of 202 s (XMMU J005929.0-723703), 342 s (XMMU J005403.8-722632), 645 s (XMMU J005535.2-722906) and 325 s (XMMU J005252.1-721715), in the latter case confirming the independent discovery in Chandra data. In addition we detected sixteen known Be/X-ray binary pulsars and six ROSAT-classified candidate high mass X-ray binaries. From one of the candidates, RX J0058.2-7231, we discovered X-ray pulsations with a period of 291 s which makes it the likely counterpart of XTE J0051-727. From the known pulsars, we revise the pulse period of CXOU J010206.6-714115 to 967 s, and we detected the 18.37 s pulsar XTE J0055-727 (= XMM J004911.4-724939) in outburst, which allowed us to localise the source. The pulse profiles of the X-ray pulsars show a large variety of shapes from smooth to highly structured patterns and differing energy dependence. For all the candidate high mass X-ray binaries optical counterparts can be identified with magnitudes and colours consistent with Be stars. Twenty of the Be/X-ray binaries were detected with X-ray luminosities in the range 1.5x10^35 erg/s - 5.5x10^36 erg/s. The majority of the spectra is well represented by an absorbed power-law with an average power-law index of 0.93. The absorption (in addition to the Galactic foreground value) varies over a wide range between a few 10^20 H cm^-2 and several 10^22 H cm^-2. An overall correlation of the absorption with the total SMC HI column density suggests that the absorption seen in the X-ray spectra is often largely caused by interstellar gas.
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