沉积层对海啸生成的影响
Influence of sedimentary layering on tsunami generation
AI总结：
本文通过有限元方法模拟弹性半空间中的位错模型，定量研究沉积层对海底地震引起的垂直位移的影响，发现沉积层可能放大变形。
摘要：
本文致力于研究沉积层对海啸生成过程的影响。主要目的是展示并特别量化沉积作用对海底地震引起的垂直位移的影响。断层被建模为弹性半空间中的Volterra型位错。弹性动力学方程通过有限元方法积分。对两种情况进行了比较。第一种对应于经典的弹性均匀各向同性半空间情况，传统上用于海啸生成。第二种测试案例考虑了将海洋柱与硬岩隔开的沉积层的存在。揭示了一些重要差异。我们推测，至少对于某些参数值，沉积物沉积可能放大生成区域的变形。通过仔细的数值模拟研究了放大机制。
英文摘要：
The present article is devoted to the influence of sediment layers on the process of tsunami generation. The main scope here is to demonstrate and especially quantify the effect of sedimentation on vertical displacements of the seabed due to an underwater earthquake. The fault is modelled as a Volterra-type dislocation in an elastic half-space. The elastodynamics equations are integrated with a finite element method. A comparison between two cases is performed. The first one corresponds to the classical situation of an elastic homogeneous and isotropic half-space, which is traditionally used for the generation of tsunamis. The second test case takes into account the presence of a sediment layer separating the oceanic column from the hard rock. Some important differences are revealed. We conjecture that deformations in the generation region may be amplified by sedimentary deposits, at least for some parameter values. The mechanism of amplification is studied through careful numerical simulations.
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