木星是敌是友？一：小行星
Jupiter - friend or foe? I: the asteroids
摘要：
小行星是当今地球上潜在撞击物的主要来源。长期以来，人们一直认为巨大的木星充当了一个盾牌，大大降低了彗星和小行星对地球的撞击率。据称，这种屏蔽使生命能够在不太敌对的碰撞环境中发展和进化。撞击频率的降低，以及相关的大规模毁灭，将使生命有时间茁壮成长，否则它将被压制。然而，在过去，很少有工作已经进行了审查的有效性，这一想法。在几篇论文中的第一篇中，我们研究了一颗巨行星的存在在多大程度上增加或减少了代表小行星群体的撞击风险，试图充分了解地球上生命发展的撞击机制。我们的研究结果表明，情况远不如以前假设的那么明确-例如，一颗巨大行星的存在可以显着提高小行星对地球的撞击率。
英文摘要：
The asteroids are the major source of potential impactors on the Earth today. It has long been assumed that the giant planet Jupiter acts as a shield, significantly lowering the impact rate on the Earth from both cometary and asteroidal bodies. Such shielding, it is claimed, enabled the development and evolution of life in a collisional environment which is not overly hostile. The reduced frequency of impacts, and of related mass extinctions, would have allowed life the time to thrive, where it would otherwise have been suppressed. However, in the past, little work has been carried out to examine the validity of this idea. In the first of several papers, we examine the degree to which the impact risk resulting from a population representative of the asteroids is enhanced or lessened by the presence of a giant planet, in an attempt to fully understand the impact regime under which life on Earth has developed. Our results show that the situation is far less clear cut that has previously been assumed - for example, the presence of a giant planet can act to enhance the impact rate of asteroids on the Earth significantly.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
