C. S. Chen, C. Q. Geng, D. V. Zhuridov
We demonstrate that the extension of the Zee-Babu model can generate not only the small neutrino masses but also the baryon number asymmetry in the universe. In particular, we show that the scale of the singlet scalar responsible for the leptogenesis can be of order 1 TeV, that can be tested at the LHC and ILC. We also considered the possible minimal extension of this model to generate the dark matter.
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We show that the minimal 3-3-1 model cannot accommodate the neutrino masses at tree level using present experimental data. Nevertheless, a modified Zee and the Zee-Babu mechanisms for generating neutrino masses at 1-loop and 2-loop, respectively, are automatically implemented in the minimal 3-3-1 model, without introducing new degrees of freedom to the model. We also present a systematic method for finding solutions to the leptonic sector masses and mixing. As a case study, we accommodate the charged and neutral leptons masses and the PMNS matrix in the 1-loop modified Zee mechanism contained …
We show that the neutrino mass matrix of the Zee-Babu model is able to fit the recent data on neutrino masses and mixing with non-zero $θ_{13}$ in the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. The results show that the Majorana phases are equal to zero and the Dirac phase ($\de$) is predicted to either $0$ or $π$, i. e, there is no CP violation in the Zee-Babu model at the two loop level. The effective mass governing neutrinoless double beta decay and the sum of neutrino masses are consistent with the recent analysis.
We study the neutrinoless double beta decay in the colored Zee-Babu model. We consider three cases of the colored Zee-Babu model with a leptoquark and a diquark introduced. The neutrino masses are generated at two-loop level, and the constraints given by tree-level flavor violation processes and muon anomalous magnetic moment $(g-2)_μ$ have been considered. In our numerical analysis, we find that the standard light neutrino exchange contribution can be canceled by new physics contribution under certain assumption and condition, leading to a hidden neutrinoless double beta decay. The condition …
We study the extended colored Zee-Babu model introducing a vector-like quark and singlet scalar. The active neutrino mass matrix and muon anomalous magnetic moment are analyzed, which can be fitted to experimental data satisfying the constraints from flavor changing neutral current. Then we discuss signature of our model via vector-like quark production. In addition, the diphoton excess can be explained with the contribution from vector-like quark
We study a Zee-Babu model in a modular $A_4$ flavor symmetry, in which we search for several predictions such as phases, sum of neutrino masses, and neutrinoless double beta decay, satisfying neutrino oscillation data in a minimum framework of the charge assignments of modular weight. We perform $Δχ^2$ analysis to get our results and find $τ$ is localized nearby at one of the fixed points of $i\times \infty$ for both of normal and inverted mass hierarchies.
We study the Zee-Babu two-loop neutrino mass generation model and look for a possible flavor symmetry behind the tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing. We find that there probably exists the mu-tau symmetry in the case of the normal neutrino mass hierarchy, whereas there may not be in the inverted hierarchy case. We also propose a specific model based on a Froggatt-Nielsen-like $Z_5$ symmetry to naturally accomplish the mu-tau symmetry on the neutrino mass matrix for the normal hierarchy case.
We propose a generalized Zee-Babu model with a global $U(1)$ B-L symmetry, in which we classify the model in terms of the number of the hypercharge $N/2$ of the isospin doublet exotic charged fermions. Corresponding to each of the number of $N$, we need to introduce some multiply charged bosons in order to make the exotic fields decay into the standard model fields. We also discuss the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the diphoton excess depending on $N$, and we show what kind of models are in favor of these phenomenologies.
The exact solution for the neutrino mass matrix of the Zee-Babu model is derived. Tribimaximal mixing imposes conditions on the Yukawa couplings, from which the normal mass hierarchy is preferred. The derived conditions give a possibility of Majorana maximal $\mathrm{CP}$ violation in the neutrino sector. We have shown that non-zero $θ_{13}$ is generated if Yukawa couplings between leptons almost equal to each other. The model gives some regions of the parameters where neutrino mixing angles and the normal neutrino mass hierarchy obtained consistent with the recent experimental data.
We extend the Zee-Babu model for the neutrino masses and mixings by first incorporating a scalar dark matter $X$ with $Z_2$ symmetry and then $X$ and a dark scalar $φ$ with global $U(1)$ symmetry. In the latter scenario the singly and doubly charged scalars that are new in the Zee-Babu model can explain the large annihilation cross section of a dark matter pair into two photons as hinted by the recent analysis of the Fermi $γ$-ray space telescope data. These new scalars can also enhance the $B ( H \rightarrow γγ)$, as the recent LHC results may suggest. The dark matter relic density can be exp…
Thermal Leptogenesis in the Babu-Nandi-Tavartkiladze Model of Neutrino Mass
本研究针对含标量四重组与类矢量费米子三重组的BNT中微子质量模型，分析其热轻子生成的可行性，发现近简并费米子谱下CP不对称共振可将轻子生成所需标度降至TeV量级，兼顾对撞机可检验性。
We propose a two-loop induced Zee-Babu type neutrino mass model at the TeV scale. Although there is no dark matter candidate in the original Zee-Babu model, that is contained in our model by introducing an unbroken discrete $Z_2$ symmetry. The discrepancy between the experimental value of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (muon $g-2$) and its prediction in the standard model can be explained by contributions from additional vector-like charged-leptons which are necessary to give non-zero neutrino masses. The mass of vector-like leptons to be slightly above 300 GeV is favored and allowed from …
We provide an updated scan of the allowed parameter space of the two-loop Zee-Babu model for neutrino mass. Taking into account most recent experimental data on $μ\to eγ$ as well as the mixing angle $θ_{13}$ we obtain lower bounds on the masses of the singly and doubly charged scalars of between 1 to 2 TeV, with some dependence on perturbativity and fine-tuning requirements. This makes the scalars difficult to observe at LHC with 14 TeV even with optimistic assumptions on the luminosity, and would require a multi-TeV linear collider to see the scalar resonances. We point out, however, that a s…
We discuss how the Zee-Babu model can be tested combining information from neutrino data, low-energy experiments and direct searches at the LHC. We update previous analysis in the light of the recent measurement of the neutrino mixing angle $θ_{13}$, the new MEG limits on $μ\rightarrow e γ$, the lower bounds on doubly-charged scalars coming from LHC data, and, of course, the discovery of a 125 GeV Higgs boson by ATLAS and CMS. In particular, we find that the new singly- and doubly-charged scalars are accessible at the second run of the LHC, yielding different signatures depending on the neutri…
We consider the baryogenesis picture in the Zee-Babu model. Our analysis shows that electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in the model is a first-order phase transition at the $100$ GeV scale, its strength ranges from 1 to 4.15 and the masses of charged Higgs boson are smaller than $300$ GeV. The EWPT is strengthened by only the new bosons and this strength is enhanced by arbitrary $ξ$ gauge. However, the $ξ$ gauge does not break the first-order EWPT or, in other words, the $ξ$ gauge is not the cause of the EWPT. This leads to the fact that the calculation of EWPT in Landau gauge is enough; and …
We analyze the viability of the Zee-Babu model as an explanation of observed neutrino masses and mixings and the possibility that the model is confirmed or discarded in experiments planned for the very close future. The allowed parameter space is studied analytically by using some approximations and partial data. Then, a complete scanning of all parameters and constraints is performed numerically by using Monte Carlo methods. The cleanest signal of the model will be the detection of the doubly charged scalar at the LHC and its correlation with measurements of the branching ratio of $μ\to eγ$ a…
The smallness of the observed neutrino masses might have a radiative origin. Here we revisit a specific two-loop model of neutrino mass, independently proposed by Babu and Zee. We point out that current constraints from neutrino data can be used to derive strict lower limits on the branching ratio of flavour changing charged lepton decays, such as $μ\to e γ$. Non-observation of Br($μ\to e γ$) at the level of $10^{-13}$ would rule out singly charged scalar masses smaller than 590 GeV (5.04 TeV) in case of normal (inverse) neutrino mass hierarchy. Conversely, decay branching ratios of the non-st…
We investigate non-standard neutrino interactions (NSIs) in the Zee--Babu model. The size of NSIs predicted by this model is obtained from a full scan over the parameter space, taking into account constraints from low-energy experiments such as searches for lepton flavor violation (LFV) and the requirement to obtain a viable neutrino mass matrix. The dependence on the scale of new physics as well as on the type of the neutrino mass hierarchy is discussed. We find that NSIs at the source of a future neutrino factory may be at an observable level in the nu_e to nu_tau and/or nu_mu to nu_tau chan…
We extend the Zee-Babu model introducing local $U(1)_{L_μ- L_τ}$ symmetry with several singly-charged bosons. We find a predictive neutrino mass texture in a simple hypothesis that mixings among singly-charged bosons are negligible. Also lepton flavor violations are less constrained compared with the original model. Then we explore testability of the model focussing on a doubly-charged boson physics at the LHC and the ILC.
We consider a neutrino mass generating model which employs a scalar leptoquark, $Δ$, and a scalar diquark, $S$. The new scalars $Δ$ and $S$ carry the standard model $SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ quantum numbers $(3,1,-1/3)$ and $(6,1,-2/3)$, respectively. The neutrino masses are generated at the two-loop level, as in the Zee-Babu model\cite{Zee-Babu}, and $Δ/S$ plays the role of the doubly/singly charged scalar in the Zee-Babu model. With a moderate working assumption that the magnitudes of the six Yukawa couplings between $S$ and the down-type quarks are of the same order, strong conne…
Zee-Babu model in a non-holomorphic modular $A_4$ symmetry and modular stabilization
该研究基于非全纯模$A_4$对称性构建Zee-Babu中微子模型，通过最小自由参数确定中微子层次，并利用模稳定化和数值分析预测中微子混合角和CP相位。
We consider the feasibility of interpreting the $R_{K^{(*)}}$ anomaly in the colored Zee-Babu model. The model generates neutrino masses at two loops with the help of a scalar leptoquark $S\sim(3,3,-\frac{1}{3})$ and a scalar diquark $ω\sim(6,1,-\frac{2}{3})$, and contributes to the transition $b\to s\ell\ell$ via the exchange of a leptoquark $S$ at tree level. Under constraints from lepton flavor violating (LFV) and flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) processes, and direct collider searches for heavy particles, we acquire certain parameter space that can accommodate the $R_{K^{(*)}}$ anoma…
Contrary to the see-saw models, extended Higgs sectors leading to radiatively-induced neutrino masses do require the extra particles to be at the TeV scale. However, these new states have often exotic decays, to which experimental LHC searches performed so far, focused on scalars decaying into pairs of same-sign leptons, are not sensitive. In this paper we show that their experimental signatures can start to be tested with current LHC data if dedicated multi-region analyses correlating different observables are used. We also provide high-accuracy estimations of the complicated Standard Model b…
We update previous analyses of the Zee-Babu model in the light of new data, e.g., the mixing angle $θ_{13}$, the rare decay $μ\to e γ$ and the LHC results. We also analyse the possibility of accommodating the deviations in $Γ(H\to γγ)$ hinted by the LHC experiments, and the stability of the scalar potential. We find that neutrino oscillation data and low energy constraints are still compatible with masses of the extra charged scalars accessible to LHC. Moreover, if any of them is discovered, the model can be falsified by combining the information on the singly and doubly charged scalar decay m…
Although recent Higgs data from ATLAS and CMS are compatible with a Standard Model (SM) signal at $2σ$ level, both experiments see indications for an excess in the diphoton decay channel, which points to new physics beyond the SM. Given such a low Higgs mass $m_H \sim 125 {\rm GeV}$, another sign indicating the existence of new physics beyond the SM is the vacuum stability problem, i.e., the SM Higgs quartic coupling may run to negative values at a scale below the Planck scale. In this paper, we study the vacuum stability and enhanced Higgs diphoton decay rate in the Zee-Babu model, which was …
Radiative symmetry breaking in a gauged Zee-Babu model and its gravitational wave imprints
该研究通过辐射对称破缺构建了一个Zee-Babu模型，探索其在引力波中的表现，结合中微子质量、轻子风味违反和暗物质现象，为测试经典标量不变性提供新平台。
We propose an extension of the standard model with a $U(1)_{\rm B-L}$ global symmetry that accommodates radiative neutrino masses along with dark matter and leptogenesis. The observed matter antimatter asymmetry of the universe is generated through the leptogenesis route keeping the $U(1)_{\rm B-L}$ symmetry intact. The $B-L$ global symmetry is then softly broken, providing the sub-eV neutrino masses. The model then incorporates a MeV scale sterile neutrino like dark matter.
We consider a local $U(1)_{B-L}$ extension of Zee-Babu model to explain the recently observed 3.5 keV X-ray line signal. The model has three Standard model (SM)-singlet Dirac fermions with different $U(1)_{B-L}$ charges. A complex scalar field charged under $U(1)_{B-L}$ is introduced to break the $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry. After $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry breaking a remnant discrete symmetry stabilizes the lightest state of the Dirac fermions, which can be a stable dark matter (DM). The second lightest state, if mass splitting with the stable DM is about 3.5 keV, decays dominantly to the stable DM and …
Probing Zee-Babu states at Muon Colliders
本研究针对Zee-Babu模型，在理论与低能实验约束下，分析未来多TeV μ子对撞机上多类带电标量产生道的产额及两个成对产生道的发现潜力，证实10 TeV对撞机可探测3-4 TeV量级的带电标量。
To explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Zee-Babu (ZB) model, the sphaleron process in the baryogenesis scenario is calculated. It always satisfies the de-coupling condition and the strength of phase transition ($S$) is always greater than $1$ in the presence of triggers other than that in the Standard Model, which are singly ($h^{\pm}$) and doubly ($k^{\pm\pm}$) charged scalar bosons. Sphaleron energies are in the range of 5-10 TeV, in calculation with bubble profiles containing free parameters and assuming nuclear bubbles of $h^{\pm}$ and $k^{\pm\pm}$ are very small. We tested the s…
The model proposed by A. Zee (1986) and K.S. Babu (1988) is a simple radiative seesaw model, in which tiny neutrino masses are generated at the two-loop level. We investigate a supersymmetric extension of the Zee-Babu model under R-parity conservation. The lightest superpartner particle can then be a dark matter candidate. We find that the neutrino data can be reproduced with satisfying current data from lepton flavour violation even in the scenario where not all the superpartner particles are heavy. Phenomenology at the Large Hadron Collider is also discussed.
Motivated by searches for so-called leptonic scalars at the LHC and the recent measurement of the $W$ boson's mass at the Tevatron, we revisit the phenomenology of the Zee-Babu model for neutrino masses and the ability to differentiate it from the Type II Seesaw model at the LHC. We conclude that this task is much more difficult than previously believed. All inputs equal in the two scenarios, we find that total and differential rates for producing pairs of doubly and singly charged scalars are identical in shape and only differ in normalization. The normalization is given by the ratio of hadro…
Though models with the radiative neutrino mass generation are phenomenologically attractive, the complicated relationship between the flavour structure of additional Yukawa matrices and the neutrino mass matrix sometimes is a barrier to explore the models. We introduce a simple prescription to analyze the relation in a class of models with the asymmetric Yukawa structure. We then apply the treatment to the Zee-Babu model as a concrete example of the class and discuss the phenomenological consequences of the model. The combined studies among the neutrino physics, the lepton flavour violation, a…
One-loop analytical expressions for $γγ\rightarrow ϕ_iϕ_j$ in Higgs Extensions of the Standard Models and its applications
本文推导了适用于多种标准模型希格斯扩展理论的$γγ\ ightarrow ϕ_iϕ_j$过程通用单圈解析表达式，经多项理论与数值检验后，以Zee-Babu模型为例扫描了$γγ\ ightarrow hh$过程的产生截面。
In this paper, we interpret the 750 GeV diphoton excess in the Zee-Babu extension of the two-Higgs-doublet model by introducing a top partner ($T$)/bottom partner ($B$). In the alignment limit, the 750 GeV resonance is identified as the heavy CP-even Higgs boson ($H$), which can be sizably produced via the QCD process $pp \to T\bar{T}$ or $pp \to B\bar{B}$ followed by the decay $T\to Ht$ or $B \to Hb$. The diphoton decay rate of $H$ is greatly enhanced by the charged singlet scalars predicted in the Zee-Babu extension and the total width of $H$ can be as large as 7 GeV. Under the current LHC c…
We present a general description of the problems encountered when attempting to build a simple model of leptogenesis and hence of baryogenesis at an energy scale as low as 1-10 TeV. We consider three possible lepton asymmetry enhancement mechanisms in the out-of-equilibrium decay scenario, emphasizing the three body decay mechanism as most natural. A new model based on the three body decays of right-handed neutrinos is proposed. It naturally allows both leptogenesis and neutrino mass generation at low scale. Also discussed is the possibility of inducing leptogenesis at low scale in existing ne…
We discussed how neutrino masses and oscillations are radiatively generated in an $SU(3)_L$ $\times$ $U(1)_N$ gauge model with a symmetry based on $L_e-L_μ-L_τ$ ($\equiv$$L^\prime$). The model is characterized by lepton triplets $ψ^i=(ν^i,\ell^{-i},E^{-i})$, where $E^{-i}$ are negatively charged heavy leptons, an $SU(3)_L$ triplet Higgs scalar $ξ$ and a singlet Higgs scalar $k^{++}$. These Higgs scalars can be interpreted as a Zee's and Zee-Babu's scalar for radiative mechanisms. We demonstrated that the mass hierarchy of $Δm_{atm}^2$ $\gg$ $Δm_\odot^2$ arise as a consequence of the dynamical …
Neutrino mass models at $μ$TRISTAN
本文研究了在新型反缪子对撞机$\mu$TRISTAN上探测多种中微子质量模型的前景，证明其对模型中特有的亲轻子标量具有远超现有实验约束的独特敏感性，并能关联对撞机信号与中微子混合等参数。
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