剧烈掺气水流的双流体模型
A two-fluid model for violent aerated flows
摘要：
在研究海浪对结构物的冲击时，由于重力是主要的力，所以经常使用弗劳德尺度。然而，在水中存在的捕获或夹带的空气可以显着修改波的影响。当空气以小气泡的形式夹带在水中时，水中的声学特性发生显著变化。虽然已经做了一些工作来研究这种混合物中的小振幅扰动，但在空气-水混合物中的大扰动方面却做得很少。我们提出了一个基本的双流体模型，其中两种流体具有相同的速度，并分析了它的一些属性。结果表明，该模型可以成功地模拟波浪对海岸结构物的冲击。控制方程采用二阶有限体积法离散。数值结果给出了两个例子：溃坝问题和跌落试验问题。结果表明，这个基本模型可以用来研究暴力掺气水流，特别是通过提供快速的定性估计。
英文摘要：
In the study of ocean wave impact on structures, one often uses Froude scaling since the dominant force is gravity. However the presence of trapped or entrained air in the water can significantly modify wave impacts. When air is entrained in water in the form of small bubbles, the acoustic properties in the water change dramatically. While some work has been done to study small-amplitude disturbances in such mixtures, little work has been done on large disturbances in air-water mixtures. We propose a basic two-fluid model in which both fluids share the same velocities and analyze some of its properties. It is shown that this model can successfully mimic water wave impacts on coastal structures. The governing equations are discretized by a second-order finite volume method. Numerical results are presented for two examples: the dam break problem and the drop test problem. It is shown that this basic model can be used to study violent aerated flows, especially by providing fast qualitative estimates.
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