星系晕黑洞衰变产生的超高能宇宙射线
Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays from decays of Holeums in Galactic Halos
摘要：
稳定的，量子化的引力束缚态的原始黑洞称为Holeums可能已经产生在早期宇宙中，可能是超重暗物质（SHDM）的组成部分，目前在星系晕。我们证明了质量在10**13到10**14 GeV及以上的黑洞足够稳定，可以在当今的宇宙中生存。我们确定这样的洞作为有希望的候选人的SHDM“X粒子”，并表明，这种洞的衰减通过压力电离可以引起宇宙射线的所有观测到的能量，包括超高能宇宙射线（UHECR）。没有GZK截止解释了UHECR的星系晕起源。我们预言宇宙射线是原初黑洞电离释放的末级霍金辐射爆发的表现。在宇宙射线中检测到的反物质可能是黑洞起源的标志。
英文摘要：
Stable, quantized gravitational bound states of primordial black holes called Holeums could have been produced in the early universe and could be a component of the Super Heavy Dark Matter (SHDM) present in galactic halos. We show that Holeums of masses of the order of 10**13 to 10**14 GeV and above are stable enough to survive in the present-day universe. We identify such Holeums as promising candidates for the SHDM "X-particle" and show that the decay of such Holeums by pressure ionization can give rise to cosmic rays of all observed energies, including Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECR). The absence of the GZK cut-off is explained by the galactic halo origin of the UHECR. We predict that the cosmic rays are a manifestation of the end-stage Hawking radiation burst of the primordial black holes (PBH) liberated by the ionization of Holeums. Antimatter detected in cosmic rays could be a signature of their Holeum origin.
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