评估地球核幔边界核地质反应堆的可行性和后果
Assessing the feasibility and consequences of nuclear georeactors in the Earths core mantle boundary
摘要：
我们评估的可能性和地球化学后果核地质反应堆的存在，在核-幔边界区（CMB）之间的地球硅酸盐地幔和金属核。目前地球内部的地球化学模型预测，铀和钍在CMB中只集中在矿物硅酸钙钙钛矿（CaPv），导致预测的浓度水平约为12 ppm的联合U和Th，4.5 Ga前，如果CaPv均匀分布在整个CMB。假设原始的244 Pu有类似的行为，那么自发裂变会产生相当大的中子通量。我们表明，一个额外的浓缩因数的数量级是必需的，既点燃和维持自我维持的快速裂变的基础上的地质反应堆。功率为5 TW的连续运行的地质反应器可以解释在地球地幔中观察到的氦和氙的同位素成分。我们的假设需要在CMB中的U和Th浓度升高的存在下，是经得起检验的方向敏感地中微子断层扫描。
英文摘要：
We assess the likelihood and geochemical consequences of the presence of nuclear georeactors in the core mantle boundary region (CMB) between Earths silicate mantle and metallic core. Current geochemical models for the Earths interior predict that U and Th in the CMB are concentrated exclusively in the mineral calcium silicate perovskite (CaPv), leading to predicted concentration levels of approximately 12 ppm combined U and Th, 4.5 Ga ago if CaPv is distributed evenly throughout the CMB. Assuming a similar behaviour for primordial 244Pu provides a considerable flux of neutrons from spontaneous fission. We show that an additional concentration factor of only an order of magnitude is required to both ignite and maintain self sustaining georeactors based on fast fission. Continuously operating georeactors with a power of 5 TW can explain the observed isotopic compositions of helium and xenon in the Earths mantle. Our hypothesis requires the presence of elevated concentrations of U and Th in the CMB, and is amenable to testing by direction sensitive geoneutrino tomography.
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