多组分玻色气体凝聚态波函数的拉比开关
Rabi switch of condensate wavefunctions in a multicomponent Bose gas
摘要：
利用弱相互作用多组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）中组分间的含时线性（Rabi）耦合，提出了一种将一个组分的波函数传递到另一组分的方案.这种“拉比开关”可以在二元BEC混合物中通过两个组分之间的电磁场产生，通常是两个超精细状态。当要传递的波函数在给定的时间是多分量哈密顿量的定态时，那么，经过一段时间延迟（取决于拉比频率），在另一个凝聚体上有可能有相同的波函数。拉比开关也可以用来传输运动的亮物质波孤子，以及二维凝聚体中的涡旋和涡旋晶格。当物种间和物种内相互作用强度相等时，所提出的开关的效率为100%。在双模式模型中分析了与相等相互作用强度的偏差，并在1D和2D设置中检查了效率对相互作用强度和外部电势存在的依赖性。
英文摘要：
Using a time-dependent linear (Rabi) coupling between the components of a weakly interacting multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), we propose a protocol for transferring the wavefunction of one component to the other. This "Rabi switch" can be generated in a binary BEC mixture by an electromagnetic field between the two components, typically two hyperfine states. When the wavefunction to be transfered is - at a given time - a stationary state of the multicomponent Hamiltonian, then, after a time delay (depending on the Rabi frequency), it is possible to have the same wavefunction on the other condensate. The Rabi switch can be used to transfer also moving bright matter-wave solitons, as well as vortices and vortex lattices in two-dimensional condensates. The efficiency of the proposed switch is shown to be 100% when inter-species and intra-species interaction strengths are equal. The deviations from equal interaction strengths are analyzed within a two-mode model and the dependence of the efficiency on the interaction strengths and on the presence of external potentials is examined in both 1D and 2D settings.
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