双阱光晶格中玻色子的无公度超流性
Incommensurate superfluidity of bosons in a double-well optical lattice
摘要：
我们研究了NIST最近实现的双阱光晶格第一激发布洛赫带中的玻色子。通过计算一个现实的不可分的晶格势的相关参数，我们发现，在最有利的情况下，玻色子的寿命在第一激发带可以是几个数量级的时间比典型的最近邻隧穿时标，在一个简单的单阱晶格。此外，对于足够小的晶格深度的激发带在非零动量与晶格周期不相称的最小值，这打开了一个可能性，实现一个奇异的超流状态，自发地打破时间反演，旋转和平移对称性。我们讨论了这种新的状态可能的实验签名。
英文摘要：
We study bosons in the first excited Bloch band of a double-well optical lattice, recently realized at NIST. By calculating the relevant parameters from a realistic nonseparable lattice potential, we find that in the most favorable cases the boson lifetime in the first excited band can be several orders of magnitude longer than the typical nearest-neighbor tunnelling timescales, in contrast to that of a simple single-well lattice. In addition, for sufficiently small lattice depths the excited band has minima at nonzero momenta incommensurate with the lattice period, which opens a possibility to realize an exotic superfluid state that spontaneously breaks the time-reversal, rotational, and translational symmetries. We discuss possible experimental signatures of this novel state.
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