协变修正牛顿动力学中非球面透镜的解析模型
An analytic model for non-spherical lenses in covariant MOdified Newtonian Dynamics
摘要：
在修正牛顿动力学（MOND）中，星系的强引力透镜效应一直局限于球对称模型。这些模型能够解释观测到的透镜的爱因斯坦环的大小，但无法解释具有共线图像的双成像系统以及四图像透镜。非球形模型通常是繁琐的计算数值MOND，但我们在这里提出了一类分析非球形模型，可以应用于适应双成像和四成像系统。我们用它们来获得一个合理的MOND适合十双成像系统，以及四重成像系统Q2237+030，这是一个孤立的凸出盘透镜产生爱因斯坦十字。然而，我们也发现五个双重成像系统和三个四重成像系统，没有合理的MOND适合可以与我们的模型。我们认为，这主要是由于分析模型的内在限制，即使在MOND星系尺度上存在少量额外的暗质量也是合理的。
英文摘要：
Strong gravitational lensing by galaxies in MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) has until now been restricted to spherically symmetric models. These models were able to account for the size of the Einstein ring of observed lenses, but were unable to account for double-imaged systems with collinear images, as well as four-image lenses. Non-spherical models are generally cumbersome to compute numerically in MOND, but we present here a class of analytic non-spherical models that can be applied to fit double-imaged and quadruple-imaged systems. We use them to obtain a reasonable MOND fit to ten double-imaged systems, as well as to the quadruple-imaged system Q2237+030 which is an isolated bulge-disc lens producing an Einstein cross. However, we also find five double-imaged systems and three quadruple-imaged systems for which no reasonable MOND fit can be obtained with our models. We argue that this is mostly due to the intrinsic limitation of the analytic models, even though the presence of small amounts of additional dark mass on galaxy scales in MOND is also plausible.
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