热交换Jarzynski-Wojcik涨落定理的宏观证明
Macroscopic proof of the Jarzynski-Wojcik fluctuation theorem for heat exchange
摘要：
在最近的工作中，Jarzynski和Wojcik（2004 Phys. Rev. 92，230602）已经通过使用哈密顿动力学的性质和统计力学考虑表明，通过接触，最初在不同温度下制备的两个系统之间的热交换遵守波动定理。在这里，提出了另一种证明，其中只采用宏观热力学量。发现细致平衡条件起着至关重要的作用。因此，该定理在非常一般的条件下成立。
英文摘要：
In a recent work, Jarzynski and Wojcik (2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 230602) have shown by using the properties of Hamiltonian dynamics and a statistical mechanical consideration that, through contact, heat exchange between two systems initially prepared at different temperatures obeys a fluctuation theorem. Here, another proof is presented, in which only macroscopic thermodynamic quantities are employed. The detailed balance condition is found to play an essential role. As a result, the theorem is found to hold under very general conditions.
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