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arXiv 0804.1518astro-ph
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天鹅座区的前主序星、发射星和最近的恒星形成

Pre-main sequence stars, emission stars and recent star formation in the Cygnus Region

Bhavya B, Blesson Mathew, Annapurni Subramaniam

摘要:

用5个星团(IC 4996,NGC 6910,Berkeley 87,Biurakan 2和Berkeley 86)研究了天鹅座区域的近期恒星形成历史。从文献中的光学数据相结合的2 MASS数据,以确定前主序星(前MS)的恒星与近红外过剩。我们鉴定了93颗前MS星和9颗具有H $_α$发射谱的恒星。识别出的MS前恒星被用来估计星团的开启年龄。恒星形成的持续时间被估计为开启和关闭年龄之间的差异。我们发现,NGC 6910和IC 4996在过去的600 - 700万年里一直在形成恒星,Berkeley 86和Biurakan 2在过去的500万年里一直在形成恒星,Berkeley 87在过去的200万年里一直在形成恒星。这表明天鹅座地区在过去的700万年里一直在积极地形成恒星,这取决于位置。利用无狭缝光谱在4个星团中识别出9颗发射线星(Be 87 - 4星、Be 86 - 2星、NGC 6910 - 2星和IC 4996 - 1星)。个别光谱获得和分析,以估计恒星以及磁盘的属性。所有的发射星都在MS中,远低于关闭,处于核心氢燃烧阶段。这些恒星可能是经典Be(CBe)星。因此,CBe现象可以在非常年轻的MS星,只有几个(2 - 7)百万年的年龄。这表明CBe现象不一定是进化的结果。

英文摘要:

The recent star formation history in the Cygnus region is studied using 5 clusters (IC 4996, NGC 6910, Berkeley 87, Biurakan 2 and Berkeley 86). The optical data from the literature are combined with the 2MASS data to identify the pre-main sequence (pre-MS) stars as stars with near IR excess. We identified 93 pre-MS stars and 9 stars with H$_α$ emission spectra. The identified pre-MS stars are used to estimate the turn-on age of the clusters. The duration of star formation was estimated as the difference between the turn-on and the turn-off age. We find that, NGC 6910 and IC 4996 have been forming stars continuously for the last 6 -- 7 Myr, Berkeley 86 and Biurakan 2 for 5 Myr and Berkeley 87 for the last 2 Myr. This indicates that the Cygnus region has been actively forming stars for the last 7 Myr, depending on the location. 9 emission line stars were identified in 4 clusters, using slit-less spectra (Be 87 - 4 stars; Be 86 - 2 stars, NGC 6910 - 2 stars and IC 4996 - 1 star). The individual spectra were obtained and analysed to estimate stellar as well as disk properties. All the emission stars are in the MS, well below the turn-off, in the core hydrogen burning phase. These stars are likely to be Classical Be (CBe) stars. Thus CBe phenomenon can be found in very young MS stars which are just a few (2 -- 7) Myrs old. This is an indication that CBe phenomenon need not be an evolutionary effect.

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