A. N. Ivanov, E. L. Kryshen, M. Pitschmann, P. Kienle
备注：
4 pages, 2 figures, We have used recent experimental data by KamLAND, corrected values of neutrino mass-corrections and recalculated the neutrino masses
We investigate the influence of the strong Coulomb field of a heavy nucleus on massive neutrinos, produced in the K-shell electron capture (EC) decays of the H-like 140Pr58+ and 142Pm60+ ions. The corrections to the neutrino masses due to virtually produced charged lepton W-boson pairs in the strong Coulomb field of a nucleus with charge Ze are calculated and discussed with respect to their influence on the period of the time-modulation of the number of daughter ions, observed recently in the EC-decays of the H-like 140Pr58+ and 142Pm60+ ions at GSI in Darmstadt. These corrections explain the 2.9 times higher difference of the squared neutrino masses obtained from the time-modulation of the EC-decays with respect to the value deduced from the antineutrino-oscillation experiments of KamLAND.
A recently proposed solution of the `GSI anomaly' by spin precession of the decaying heavy ions in the magnetic field that controls their circular motion at the GSI storage ring [G. Lambiase, G. Papini, G. Scarpetta, PLB 718 (2013) 998, Ann. Phys. 332 (2013) 143] is dubious: the uncertainty in the computed electron-capture decay-rate modulation frequency is at least of order 10E(7) Hz, by far exceeding the 1 Hz modulation frequency reported in the GSI experiment.
The relationship between Breit-Wigner distribution as an underlying basis for decaying unstable quantum systems and GSI experiment (anomaly) has not been addressed properly in the literatures. We show that quantum beats can be obtained using a superposition of two Breit-Wigner distributions. This modified distribution can explain the GSI time anomaly with quantum beats resulting from the existence of two energy levels of the decaying ion.
We propose a model in which a recently reported modulation in the decay of the hydrogenlike ions ${}^{140}$Pr$^{\, 58 +}$, ${}^{142}$Pm$^{\, 60 +}$ and ${}^{122}$I$^{\, 52 +}$ arises from the coupling of rotation to the spin of electron and nucleus. The model shows that the spin-spin coupling of electron and nucleus does not contribute to the modulation and predicts that the anomaly cannot be observed if the motion of the ions is rectilinear, or if the ions are stopped in a target. It also supports the notion that the modulation frequency is proportional to the inverse of the atomic mass.
Comments on "Rates of processes with coherent production of different particles and the GSI time anomaly"by C. Giunti, Phys. Lett. B 665, 92 (2008), 0805.0431
We study the deviations from the usual exponential decay law for quantum mechanical systems. We show that simple and physically motivated deviations from the Breit-Wigner energy distribution of the unstable state are sufficient to generate peculiar deviations from the exponential decay law. Denoting with $p(t)$ the survival probability, its derivative $h(t)$ shows typically an oscillating behavior on top of the usual exponential function. We argue that this can be a viable explanation of the observed experimental results at GSI Darmstadt, where the function $h(t)$ has been experimentally measu…
In this talk, a short discussion of the GSI anomaly is given. We discuss the physics involved using a comparison with pion decay, and explain why the observed oscillations cannot be caused by standard neutrino mixing.
Oscillatory behavior of electron capture rates in the two-body decay of hydrogen-like ions into recoil ions plus undetected neutrinos, with a period of approximately 7 s, was reported in storage ring single-ion experiments at the GSI Laboratory, Darmstadt. Ivanov and Kienle [PRL 103, 062502 (2009)] have relegated this period to neutrino masses through neutrino mixing in the final state. New arguments are given here against this interpretation, while suggesting that these `GSI Oscillations' may be related to neutrino spin precession in the static magnetic field of the storage ring. This scenari…
We discuss deviations from the exponential decay law which originate when going beyond the Breit-Wigner distribution for an unstable state. In particular, we concentrate on an oscillating behavior, reminiscent of the Rabi-oscillations, in the short-time region. We propose that these oscillations can explain the GSI experiment, which measured superimposed oscillations on top of the exponential law for hydrogen-like nuclides decaying via electron-capture (the so-called GSI anomaly). Moreover, we discuss the possibility, that the deviations from the Breit-Wigner distribution in the case of the GS…
We calculate the neutrino masses, using the experimental data on the periods of the time modulation of the K-shell electron capture (EC) decay rates of the H-like heavy ions, measured at GSI. The corrections to neutrino masses, caused by interaction of massive neutrinos with the strong Coulomb field of the daughter ions, are taken into account.
New measurements of the interaction cross sections of 22,23O at 900A MeV performed at the GSI, Darmstadt are reported that address the unsolved puzzle of the large cross section previously observed for 23O. The matter radii for these oxygen isotopes extracted through a Glauber model analysis are in good agreement with the new predictions of the ab initio coupled-cluster theory reported here. They are consistent with a 22O+neutron description of 23O as well.
The multiphoton resonance transitions between ground hyperfine states are used for the time modulation of the electron capture decay of hydrogen like ions with the Gamow-Teller transition $1^+\to 0^+$. The proposed mechanism offers a time oscillating decay with the frequency up to 0.1 Hz. The experiment to observe the modulation is proposed for ions stored in a Penning trap. An attempt to understand the GSI anomaly with multiple photon transitions is made.
The phase diagram of strongly interacting matter is studied within a three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, which contains the coupling between chiral and diquark condensates through the axial anomaly. Our results show that it is essential to include the 2SC phase in the analysis. While this is expected for realistic strange quark masses, we find that even for equal up, down, and strange bare quark masses, 2SC pairing can be favored due to spontaneous flavor-symmetry breaking by the axial anomaly. This can lead to a rich phase structure, including BCS- and BEC-like 2SC and CFL phases and new …
We investigate the emergence of oscillations in the decay law of unstable systems. We discuss in particular the case of the so-called GSI anomaly seen in the electron capture decays of H-like ions and prove that such oscillations cannot be explained by neutrino oscillations. We then discuss how such anomalies could be intimately related to the decay law of unstable systems in the case in which their spectral function deviates from a Breit-Wigner shape.
Isospin Dependence in the Odd-Even Staggering of Nuclear Binding Energies
GSI的FRS-ESR设施为在一次实验中精确测量核物质表面的大面积提供了独特的条件。得到了604个缺中子核素（30 ≤ Z ≤ 92）的质量值，典型的不确定度为30微单位。首次测定了114种核素的质量。系统地研究了Z=50和Z=82质子壳层闭合之间的同位素链的核质量奇偶交错（OES）。结果与现代核模型的预测进行了比较。比较表明，OES的测量趋势是不能复制的理论拟合的质量只。从调整到质量和密度相关的核观测量的模型中提取的光谱配对间隙与实验数据吻合得更好。
We examine the role of the $U(1)_A$ anomaly in a parity doublet model of nucleons which include the chiral variant and invariant masses. Our model expresses the $U(1)_A$ anomaly by the Kobayashi-Maskawa-'t\,Hooft (KMT) interaction in the mesonic sector. After examining the roles of the KMT term in vacuum, we discuss its impacts on nuclear equations of state (EOS). The $U(1)_A$ anomaly increases the masses of the $η'$ and $σ$ mesons and enhances the chiral symmetry breaking. The $U(1)_A$ anomaly enlarges the energy difference between chiral symmetric and symmetry broken vacuum; in turn, the chi…
We study the thermal transition of QCD with two degenerate light flavours by lattice simulations using $\mathcal{O}(a)$-improved Wilson quarks. Particular emphasis lies on the pattern of chiral symmetry restoration, which we probe via the static screening correlators. On $32^3$ volumes we observe that the screening masses in transverse iso-vector vector and axial-vector channels become degenerate at the transition temperature. The splitting between the screening masses in iso-vector scalar and pseudoscalar channels is strongly reduced compared to the splitting at zero temperature and is actual…
