重离子碰撞中硬双强子触发事件的能量沉积
Energy deposition in hard dihadron triggered events in heavy-ion collisions
摘要：
在重离子碰撞中，对（半）硬触发关联强子的实验观测表明，在中低横动量（PT）区，远侧关联结构发生分裂.这是一致的假设，即能量沉积的远离侧部分子进入体介质中产生的碰撞激发声冲击波（马赫锥），导致远离侧相关强度在大角度。从假设这种关联结构的流体动力学起源得出的一个预测是，由于大块介质的纵向膨胀，激波在快度上有相当大的伸长。使用单个强子触发器，由于远离侧部分子的不受约束的快度，这是无法观察到的。利用双强子触发，远侧部分子的快度可以得到很大的限制，远侧关联的纵向结构变得容易理解。然而，在这样的事件中，发生了几种效应，这些效应大大改变了相关结构：不仅有相当大的贡献是由于出现的远离侧部分子的碎裂，而且还有一个系统性的偏向，即小能量沉积到介质中，因此产生了弱冲击波。在本文中，这两种影响都得到了解决。
英文摘要：
The experimental observation of hadrons correlated back-to-back with a (semi-)hard trigger in heavy ion collisions has revealed a splitting of the away side correlation structure in a low to intermediate transverse momentum (P_T) regime. This is consistent with the assumption that energy deposited by the away side parton into the bulk medium produced in the collision excites a sonic shockwave (a Mach cone) which leads to away side correlation strength at large angles. A prediction following from assuming such a hydrodynamical origin of the correlation structure is that there is a sizeable elongation of the shockwave in rapidity due to the longitudinal expansion of the bulk medium. Using a single hadron trigger, this cannot be observed due to the unconstrained rapidity of the away side parton. Using a dihadron trigger, the rapidity of the away side parton can be substantially constrained and the longitudinal structure of the away side correlation becomes accessible. However, in such events several effects occur which change the correlation structure substantially: There is not only a sizeable contribution due to the fragmentation of the emerging away side parton, but also a systematic bias towards small energy deposition into the medium and hence a weak shockwave. In this paper, both effects are addressed.
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