模拟非线性中微子味演化
Simulating nonlinear neutrino flavor evolution
摘要：
讨论了一类新的天体物理输运问题：核塌缩超新星中中微子味的相干演化。这个问题的解决方案需要一个数值方法，可以准确地模拟量子力学耦合相交的中微子轨道和相关的非线性特征中微子味转换。我们在这里描述的两个代码开发来解决这个问题。我们还描述了这些数值计算所揭示的令人惊讶的现象。其中最主要的是，问题中的非线性可以设计中微子的味道转换，这与标准的Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein处理方法截然不同。即使中微子质量平方差被测量得很小，甚至当中微子自耦合是次主导的时候，这种情况也会发生。我们的数值计算工作揭示了潜在的特征，如果在银河系核心坍缩事件的中微子爆发中检测到这些特征，可能会揭示中微子迄今为止不可测量的性质，例如质量等级和真空混合角θ_13。
英文摘要：
We discuss a new kind of astrophysical transport problem: the coherent evolution of neutrino flavor in core collapse supernovae. Solution of this problem requires a numerical approach which can simulate accurately the quantum mechanical coupling of intersecting neutrino trajectories and the associated nonlinearity which characterizes neutrino flavor conversion. We describe here the two codes developed to attack this problem. We also describe the surprising phenomena revealed by these numerical calculations. Chief among these is that the nonlinearities in the problem can engineer neutrino flavor transformation which is dramatically different than in standard Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein treatments. This happens even though the neutrino mass-squared differences are measured to be small, and even when neutrino self-coupling is sub-dominant. Our numerical work has revealed potential signatures which, if detected in the neutrino burst from a Galactic core collapse event, could reveal heretofore unmeasurable properties of the neutrinos, such as the mass hierarchy and vacuum mixing angle theta_13.
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