加速宇宙、WEP破坏与反氢原子
Accelerating universe, WEP violation and antihydrogen atoms
摘要：
除了对CPT不变性的怀疑之外，我们还可以期待反氢原子的测量是否能检验引力现象中的弱等效原理（WEP）。我们从它的违反如何与粒子物理学和引力的统一的预期想法联系起来开始，这是一种超越标准理论的尝试，包括爱因斯坦的广义相对论。一个特别的重点将放在加速宇宙的问题上，这是近10年前的一个相当新的发展，表明了对超越传统宇宙学传统概念的尝试的强烈动机。我们面对的是当今版本的宇宙学常数问题。新成分的候选者似乎是由一个标量场提供的，有时被称为精粹或暗能量。在这篇文章中，我们讨论了这个问题，从一个更理论的角度来看，基于标量张量引力理论的方法。通过利用这种方法所特有的共形变换和共形框架的概念，我们表明，成功地理解所观察到的宇宙学加速度需要一个意想不到的结果，即WEP的崩溃，这可能会表现为氢和反氢之间的引力影响的不同行为，从更广泛的角度来看，包括矢量场。我们打算根据谈话的性质，尽可能简明扼要地介绍大多数新概念。然而，另一方面，我们发现根据听众中个人的兴趣，深入一些细节也是有用的。作为一种折衷办法，我们决定增加一些脚注，这些脚注在介绍过程中没有提供，但可能对以后出版的会议记录有帮助。
英文摘要：
Apart from the suspected violation of the CPT invariance, we might expect if the measurements of antihydrogen atoms provide testing Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) in the gravitational phenomena. We start with how its violation can be related to the expected idea of unification of particle physics and gravitation, an attempt beyond the standard theories, including general relativity of Einstein. A particular emphasis will be placed on the issue of an accelerating universe, a rather recent development since nearly 10 years ago, suggesting a strong motivation toward attempts beyond the conventional concepts of the traditional cosmology. We face today's version of the cosmological constant problem. A candidate of the new ingredient appears to be provided by a scalar field, sometimes under the names like quintessence or dark-energy. In this article, we discuss the subject from a point of view of a more theoretical approach based on the scalar-tensor theory of gravitation. By exploiting the concepts of conformal transformations and conformal frames unique to this type of approach, we show that a successful understanding of the observed cosmological acceleration entails an unexpected outcome of breakdown of WEP, which may show up as a distinct behavior between hydrogen and antihydrogen in the gravitational influence, from a further wider perspective including a vector field as well. We intended to introduce most of the new concepts as plainly and briefly as possible, according to the nature of the talk. On the other hand, however, we find it also useful to go into some more details, depending on the interests of individuals among the audience. For a compromise, we decided to add a number of footnotes which were not delivered during the presentation, but might be helpful in the proceedings published later.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
