This work is a comprehensive investigation of the Yang-Mills condensate (YMC) dark energy (DE) model, which is extended to include the 3-loop quantum corrections. We study its cosmic evolution and the possibility of crossing phantom divide $w=-1$, examine in details the Hubble parameter $H$, the deceleration parameter $q$, the statefinder diagnosis $(r,s)$, and the $w-w^\prime$ diagnosis of the model without and with interaction, and compare our results with other DE models. Besides, by using the observational data of type Ia supernovae (SNIa), the shift parameter from cosmic microwave background (CMB), and the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) peak from large scale structures (LSS), we give the cosmological constraints on 3-loop YMC model. It is found that the model can naturally solve the coincidence problem, and its prediction of the afore-mentioned parameter is much closer to the $Λ$CDM model than other dynamics DE models; the introduction of the matter-DE interaction will make the YMC model deviating from the $Λ$CDM model, and will give an equation of state (EOF) crossing -1. Moreover, it is also found that, to fit the latest SNIa data alone, the $Λ$CDM model is slightly better than the 3-loop YMC model; but in fitting of the combination of SNIa, CMB and LSS data, the 3-loop YMC model performs better than the $Λ$CDM model.
The quantum effective Yang-Mills condensate (YMC) dark energy model has some distinguished features that it naturally solves the coincidence problem and, at the same time, is able to give an equation of state $w$ crossing -1. In this work we further employ the Statefinder pair $(r,s)$ introduced by Sahni et al to diagnose the YMC model for three cases: the non-coupling, the YMC decaying into matter only, and the YMC decaying into both matter and radiation. The trajectories $(r,s)$ and $(r,q)$, and the evolutions $r(z)$, $s(z)$ are explicitly presented. It is found that, the YMC model in all th…
We study the statefinder parameters in the Yang-Mills condensate dark energy models, and find that the evolving trajectories of these models are different from those of other dark energy models. We also define two eigenfunctions of the Yang-Mills condensate dark energy models. The values of these eigenfunctions are quite close to zero if the equation-of-state of the Yang-Mills condensate is not far from -1, which can be used to simply differentiate between the Yang-Mills condensate models and other dark energy models.
The coincidence problem is studied for the dark energy model of effective Yang-Mills condensate in a flat expanding universe during the matter-dominated stage. The YMC energy $ρ_y(t)$ is taken to represent the dark energy, which is coupled either with the matter, or with both the matter and the radiation components. The effective YM Lagrangian is completely determined by quantum field theory up to 1-loop order. It is found that under very generic initial conditions and for a variety of forms of coupling, the existence of the scaling solution during the early stages and the subsequent exit from…
The evolution of the electric and magnetic components in an effective Yang-Mills condensate dark energy model is investigated. If the electric field is dominant, the magnetic component disappears with the expansion of the Universe. The total YM condensate tracks the radiation in the earlier Universe, and later it becomes $w_y\sim-1$ thus is similar to the cosmological constant. So the cosmic coincidence problem can be avoided in this model. However, if the magnetic field is dominant, $w_y>1/3$ holds for all time, suggesting that it cannot be a candidate for the dark energy in this case.
The exact solutions of Einstein - Yang - Mills and interacting with SO (3) - Yang-Mills field nonlinear scalar field equations in a class of spatially homogeneous cosmological Friedmann models are obtained.
By employing the higher dimensional version of the Wu-Yang Ansatz we obtain black hole solutions in the spherically symmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) theory. Although these solutions were found recently by other means, our method provides an alternative way in which one identifies the contribution from the Yang-Mills (YM) charge. Our method has the advantage to be carried out analytically as well. We discuss some interesting features of the black hole solutions obtained.
Using the recently released Union2 compilation with 557 Type Ia supernovae, the shift parameter of cosmic microwave background given by the WMAP7 observations, and the baryon acoustic oscillation measurement from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we perform the $χ^2$ analysis on the 1-loop Yang-Mills condensate (YMC) dark energy model. The analysis has been made for both non-coupling and coupling models with $Ω_{m0}$ and $w_0$ being treated as free parameters. It is found that, $χ^2_{min}$ = 542.870 at $Ω_{m0}$ = 0.2701 and $w_0$ = -0.9945 for non-coupling model, and $χ^2_{min}$ = 542.790 at $γ$ =…
Symmetric gauge fields and invariant metrics in homogeneous spaces are found. Their use for finding exact solutions of the Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) equations is discussed.
We discuss homogeneous and isotropic cosmological models driven by SU(2) gauge fields in the framework of Einstein gravity. There exists a Yang-Mills field configuration, parametrized by a single scalar function, which consists of parallel electric and magnetic fields and has the stress tensor mimicking an homogeneous and isotropic fluid. The unique SU(2) gauge theory with spontaneous symmetry breaking sharing the same property is the Yang-Mills coupled to the complex doublet Higgs, this exists only in the case of the closed universe. This model contains an intrinsic mechanism for inflation du…
We discuss a non-minimal Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs model with uniaxial anisotropy in the group space associated with the Higgs field. We apply this theory to the problem of propagation of color and color-acoustic waves in the gravitational background related to the non-minimal regular Wu-Yang monopole.
We present a new class of the black hole solutions of Einstein-Maxwell-Yang-Mills theory. These solutions have both U(1) charge and Yang-Mills hair. We also investigate the thermodynamic properties.
In this paper, a procedure which gives euclidean solutions of 3-dimensional Einstein-Yang-Mills equations when one has solutions of the Einstein equations is proposed. The method is based on reformulating Yang-Mills theory in such a way that it becomes a gravity. It is applied to find black hole solutions of the coupled Einstein-Yang-Mills equations.
Several exact, cylindrically symmetric solutions to Einstein's vacuum equations are given. These solutions were found using the connection between Yang-Mills theory and general relativity. Taking known solutions of the Yang-Mills equations (e.g. the topological BPS monopole solutions) it is possible to construct exact solutions to the general relativistic field equations. Although the general relativistic solutions were found starting from known solutions of Yang-Mills theory they have different physical characteristics.
In this paper we study the homogeneous interiors of black holes possessing SU(2) Yang-Mills fields subject to corrections inspired by loop quantum gravity. The systems studied possess both magnetic and induced electric Yang-Mills fields. We consider the system of equations both with and without Wilson loop corrections to the Yang-Mills potential. The structure of the Yang-Mills Hamiltonian along with the restriction to homogeneity allows for an anomaly free effective quantization. In particular we study the bounce which replaces the classical singularity and the behavior of the Yang-Mills fiel…
We analyze a model of cold axion Dark Matter weakly coupled with a dark gluon condensate, reproducing Dark Energy. We first review how to recover the Dark Energy behavior using the functional renormalization group approach, and ground our study on the properties of the effective Lagrangian, to be determined non-perturbatively. Then, within the context of $G_{SM}\times SU(2)_{D}\times U(1)_{PQ}$, we consider YMC interactions with QCD axions. We predict a transfer of Dark Energy density into Dark Matter density in a cosmological time that can be tested in the next generation of experiments dedic…
In this letter, we find the first dynamically stable non-singular solution spherically symmetric SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills equation. This solutions is regular at r=0 and asymptotically flat. Since the Yang-Mills field strength decay exponentially, the Einstein-Yang-Mills particle perhaps can be used to be a candidate for dark matter.
We discuss the asymptotic form of the static axially symmetric, globally regular and black hole solutions, obtained recently in Einstein-Yang-Mills and Einstein-Yang-Mills-dilaton theory.
The method of minimal geometric deformation (MGD) is used to derive static, strongly gravitating, spherically symmetric, compact stellar distributions that are solutions of the Yang-Mills-Einstein-Dirac coupled field equations, on fluid membranes with finite tension. Their solutions characterize MGD Yang-Mills-Dirac stars, whose mass has order of the Chandrasekhar mass, once the range of both the fermionic self-interaction and the Yang-Mills coupling constants is suitably chosen. Physical features of MGD Yang-Mills-Dirac stars are then discussed, and their ADM mass are derived, as a function o…
We investigate the possibility that the modified Yang-Mills theories can produce an accelerated cosmic expansion. We take into account some specific non-trivial solution of the modified Yang-Mills equation obtained by the author earlier, which allows us to build several modifications of accelerated cosmic expansion.
Using Hamilton-Jacobi formalism we investigated the massive Yang-Mills theory on both extended and reduced phase-space. The integrability conditions were discussed and the actions were calculated.
The phenomena of emergent fuzzy geometry and noncommutative gauge theory from Yang-Mills matrix models is briefly reviewed. In particular, the eigenvalues distributions of Yang-Mills matrix models in lower dimensions in the commuting (matrix or Yang-Mills) phase of these models are discussed.
We study the four-dimensional Einstein-Yang-Mills black hole in the presence of Dirac fermion field. Assuming a spherically symmetric static asymptotically flat black hole spacetime we consider both massless and massive fermion fields. The (4+1)-dimensional Einstein-Yang-Mills system effectively reducing to Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs-dilaton model, was also taken into account. One finds that fermion vacuum leads to the destruction of black holes in question.
I articulate and discuss a geometrical interpretation of Yang-Mills theory. Analogies and disanalogies between Yang-Mills theory and general relativity are also considered.
The S-matrix in quantum Yang-Mills gravity with translation gauge symmetry in flat space-time is investigated. We obtain the generating functional of Green's functions, i.e., the vacuum-to-vacuum amplitude, for Yang-Mills gravity. The unitarity and gauge invariance of the S-matrix in a class of gauge conditions is preserved by massless ghost vector fields.
We determine all inhomogeneous Yang-Mills algebras and super Yang-Mills algebras which are Koszul. Following a recent proposal, a non-homogeneous algebra is said to be Koszul if the homogeneous part is Koszul and if the PBW property holds. In this paper, the homogeneous parts are the Yang-Mills algebra and the super Yang-Mills algebra.
An explicit canonical transformation is constructed to relate the physical subspace of Yang-Mills theory to the phase space of the ADM variables of general relativity. This maps 3+1 dimensional Yang-Mills theory to local evolution of metrics on 3 manifolds.
We prove the existence of a spectral resolution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation when the matter field is provided by a massive Yang-Mills field. The resolution is achieved by first solving the free eigenvalue problem for the gravitational field and then the constrained eigenvalue problem for the Yang-Mills field. In the latter case the mass of the Yang-Mills field assumes the role of the eigenvalue.
