相态与玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的宏观叠加
Macroscopic Superpositions of Phase States with Bose-Einstein Condensates
摘要：
具有不同相位的宏观可区分状态的量子叠加可以用捕获在周期势中的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体来创建。实验签名包含在释放陷阱后获得的干涉图案的相位分布中。此外，在双阱的情况下，这种分布表现出显着的依赖于原子总数的奇偶性。最后，我们表明，对于单阱占据高达几百个原子，宏观量子叠加可以足够强大的抗退相干实验揭示在当前的技术。
英文摘要：
Quantum superpositions of macroscopically distinguishable states having distinct phases can be created with a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a periodic potential. The experimental signature is contained in the phase distribution of the interference patterns obtained after releasing the traps. Moreover, in the double well case, this distribution exhibits a dramatic dependence on the parity of the total number of atoms. We finally show that, for single well occupations up to a few hundred atoms, the macroscopic quantum superposition can be robust enough against decoherence to be experimentally revealable within current technology.
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