We point out that the standard chromomagnetic penguin dipole operator has a counterpart corresponding to off-shell momenta for external quarks. By employing the chiral quark model, we show that this new dipole penguin operator has the same bosonisation as the standard Q_6 operator. Accordingly, this new operator enlarges by ~ 5 % the referent Q_6 contribution, which gives the dominant contribution to the CP-violating ratio epsilon'/epsilon and also gives an important contribution to the Delta I = 1/2 amplitude.
The importance of dipole penguin operator, $O_{11} = (g_s/8π^2)m_b \bar s σ_{μν}RT^a b G^{μν}_a$, on B decays is demonstrated. It is shown that branching ratios for the inclusive decay $b\to s s\bar s$, the semi-inclusive decay $b\to sϕ$, and the exclusive decay $B\to πK$ are enhanced by 20% to 30%. A useful consequence of this calculation is the inclusive $b\to ss\bar s$ spectrum which will be essential in isolating pure penguin process.
We consider the gluon dipole penguin operator contributions to $ε'/ε$ and CP violation in hyperon decays. It has been proposed by Bertolini et al. that the contribution to $ε'/ε$ may be significant. We show that there is a cancellation in the leading order contribution and this contribution is actually suppressed by a factor of order O($m_π^2, m_K^2)/Λ^2$. We find that the same operator also contributes to CP violation in hyperon decays where it is not suppressed. The gluon dipole penguin operator can enhance CP violation in hyperon decays by as much as 25\%.
The standard model contribution to $ε'/ε$ of the magnetic- and electric-dipole penguin operators $Q_{11} = \frac{g_s}{16π^2} \, m_s \: \bar{s}\, σ_{μν} t^a G^{μν}_a (1-γ_5 )\, d $ and $Q_{12} = \frac{eQ_d}{16π^2}\, m_s \: \bar{s}\, σ_{μν} F^{μν} (1-γ_5 )\, d $ is discussed. While the electromagnetic penguin $Q_{12}$ seems to have a vanishingly small matrix element, we find that the gluonic dipole operator $Q_{11}$ may give a contribution to $ε'/ε$ comparable to that of other operators so far considered, and should therefore be consistently included in the analysis.
A recently proposed Non-Standard Model solution to the problem of low semileptonic branching ratio B_{SL} which suggests a large branching ratio for the decay $b \to sg$ is critically examined. It is shown that the effects of the Enhanced Chromomagnetic Dipole Operator might lead to significant violations of isospin symmetry in rare radiative decays of B-mesons.
The pure annihilation type decays $B^0_d\toϕγ$ and $B_s\toργ$ receive only color suppressed penguin contributions with a very small branching ratio in the standard model. When we include the previously neglected electromagnetic dipole operator, the branching ratios can be enhanced one order magnitude larger than previous study using QCD factorization approach. That is ${\cal BR}(\bar B^0_d\toϕγ)\simeq 1 \times 10^{-11}$ and ${\cal BR}(B_s\toργ) \sim (6-16)\times 10^{-10}$. The new effect can also give a large contribution, of order $10^{-9}$, to transverse polarization of $B\toϕρ$ and $B\to ωϕ…
Gluon mediated exclusive hadronic decays of b quarks are studied within the standard model (SM) and the constrained minimally supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). For all allowed regions of the MSSM parameter space (A, tan beta, m_0, m_{1/2}) the penguin magnetic dipole form factor F^R_2 is dominant over the electric dipole and can be larger than the magnetic dipole form factor of the SM. However, overall the SM electric dipole decay amplitude F^L_1 dominates the decay rate. The MSSM penguin contributions to the free quark decay rate approach the 10% level for those regions of parameter space…
In minimal supersymmetric models the $Z$-penguin usually provides sub-dominant contributions to charged lepton flavour violating observables. In this study, we consider the supersymmetric inverse seesaw in which the non-minimal particle content allows for dominant contributions of the $Z$-penguin to several lepton flavour violating observables. In particular, and due to the low-scale (TeV) seesaw, the penguin contribution to, for instance, $\Br(μ\to 3e)$ and $μ-e$ conversion in nuclei, allows to render some of these observables within future sensitivity reach. Moreover, we show that in this fr…
We discuss about a possibility of large electro-weak penguin contribution in B -> K pi from recent experimental data. The several relations among the branching ratios which realize when the contributions from tree type and electro-weak penguin are small compared with the gluon penguin and can be treated as the expansion parameters do not satisfy the data. The difference comes from the r^2 terms which is the square of the ratio with the gluon penguin and the main contribution comes from electro-weak penguin. We find that the contribution from electro-weak penguin may be large to explain the exp…
Using the next-to-leading order low energy effective Hamiltonian for $|ΔB|=1$, $ΔC=ΔU=0$ transitions, the contributions of electroweak penguin operators in $ B^-(\overline {B_d^0})\rightarrow PP$ and $PV$ decays are estimated in the standard model. We find that, for some channels, the electroweak penguin effects can enhance or reduce the QCD penguin and/or tree level contributions by at least $30\%$, and can even play dominant role.
I discuss about a possibility of large electroweak penguin contribution in B --> K pi. To satisfy several relations among the branching ratios, we need large electroweak penguin contribution. The magnitude is larger than the theoretical estimation in the SM so that it may be including some new physics effects.
The nonperturbative content of the QCD vacuum permits the occurrence of QCD-vaccum condensate contributions to penguin amplitudes. We calculate the dimension-4 $<m_q\bar qq>$ and $<α_s G^2>$ contributions to the effective Wilson coefficients for penguin four-Fermi operators, and discuss how such contributions may contribute to nonleptonic B decays.
We present calculations of the charming-penguin long-distance contributions to B => K πdecays due to intermediate charmed meson states. Our calculation is based on the Chiral Effective Lagrangean for light and heavy mesons, corrected for the hard pion and kaon momenta. We find that the charming-penguin contributions increase significantly the B => K πdecay rates in comparison with the short-distance contributions, giving results in better agreement with experimental data.
We consider the contribution to $K \rightarrow 2 π$ decays from the non-diagonal $s \ra d$ quark transition amplitude. First, we calculate the most important part of the $s \rightarrow d$ transition, the so-called self-penguin amplitude $\sim G_F α_s$, including the heavy top-quark case. Second, we calculate the matrix element of the $s \rightarrow d$ transition for the physical $K \rightarrow 2 π$ process. This part of the analysis is performed within the Chiral Quark Model where quarks are coupled to the pseudoscalar mesons. The CP-conserving self-penguin contribution to $K \rightarrow 2π$ i…
The (B_{d}\longrightarrow ΦK_{s}) process is without tree level decay amplitude . Then the SUSY contributions may be significant . We calculate the neutralino and gluino penguin contributions to the CP violating phase in (SU(5) ) grand unified theory with right-handed neutrino (SU(5)_{RN}) . We find that the SUSY contribution may change the phase in (B_{d}\longrightarrow ΦK_{s} ).
We discuss a possibility of large electroweak(EW) penguin contribution in B-->K pi and pi pi. The recent experimental data may be still suggesting that there are some discrepancies between the data and theoretical estimations. In B --> K pi decays, to explain several theoretical relations among the branching ratios, a slightly large electroweak penguin contribution and large strong phase differences or quite large color suppressed tree contribution seem to be needed. The contributions should appear also in B --> pi pi. We show, as an example, a solution to solve the discrepancies in both B -->…
We present estimates of the charming penguin contribution to B => K pi, pi pi,K eta, K eta' decays due to intermediate charmed meson states. We find that this contribution is indeed significant for B => K pi decays, and its inclusion, together with the tree and penguin terms, produces large branching ratios in agreement with data, though the analysis is affected by large theoretical uncertainties. On the other hand, for B => pi pi, K eta, K eta' decays, the effect of the charming penguin contribution is more modest. We also compute CP asymmetries for B => K pi, pi pi decays and we obtain rathe…
The unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix has been well established by both direct and indirect measurements without any evidence of discrepancy. The CKM weak phase $α$ is directly measured using an isospin analysis in $B\rightarrow ππ$ and $B\to ρρ$ assuming that electroweak penguin contributions are ignorable. However, electroweak penguins are sensitive to NP, hence, it is important to experimentally estimate their effects. We determine the size of both electroweak penguin and isospin amplitudes, directly from $B\rightarrow ππ$ and $B\to ρρ$ experimental data, using in addi…
Employing the QCD light-cone sum rule approach we calculate the B -> pi pi hadronic matrix element of the current-current operator with c quarks in the penguin topology (``charming penguin''). The dominant contribution to the sum rule is due to the c-quark loop at short distances and is of O(alpha_s) with respect to the factorizable B -> pi pi amplitude. The effects of soft gluons are suppressed at least by O(alpha_s m_b^{-2}). Our result indicates that sizable nonperturbative effects generated by charming penguins at finite m_b are absent. The same is valid for the penguin contractions of the…
We present a study of non-leptonic B-meson decays, partial widths and CP asymmetries, and discuss the possibilities of determining the penguin contributions through less model-dependent phenomenological analyses. In the last section we employ a specific model to give more definite numerical predictions.
We discuss about a possibility of large electroweak penguin contribution in B -> K pi and pi pi from recent experimental data. The experimental data may be suggesting that there are some discrepancies between the data and theoretical estimation in the branching ratios of them. In B -> K pi decays, to explain it, a large electroweak penguin contribution and large strong phase differences seem to be needed. The contributions should appear also in B -> pi pi. We show, as an example, a solution to solve the discrepancies in both B -> K pi and B -> pi pi. However the magnitude of the parameters and…
A reliable prediction for $CP$ violation in $B^{0}_{d}$ vs $\bar{B}^{0}_{d}\rightarrow π^{+}π^{-}$ suffers from the penguin-diagram induced uncertainty. With the help of SU(3) relations, we show that both the magnitude and strong phase shift of the penguin amplitude can be approximately determined only from the branching ratios of $B^{0}_{d}\rightarrow π^{+}π^{-}$, $B^{0}_{d}\rightarrow K^{+}π^{-}$, and $B^{+}_{u}\rightarrow K^{0}π^{+}$.
We give explicit expressions for the amplitudes associated with the supersymmetric contributions to the process: b -> s gamma in the context of SUSY extensions of Standard Model with non-universal soft SUSY breaking terms. From experimental data, we deduce the limits on the squark mass insertions obtained from different contributions (gluinos, neutralinos and charginos).
The high precision to which the standard model has been confirmed implies that new physics effects have to be small in the observed processes. Together with the outstanding precision expected from present and future collider experiments this renders the evaluation of subleading SM contributions necessary. For the "golden mode", B_d to J/Psi K, these so-called "penguin pollution" terms can be controlled by using flavour symmetry relations. A recent analysis is presented which yields a stronger bound on the maximal penguin influence than previous ones and shows how the corresponding uncertainty …
The space-like penguin contributions to branching ratios and CP asymmetries in charmless decays of $B_{c}$ to two pseudoscalar mesons are studied using the next-to-leading order low energy effective Hamiltonian and factorization approximation. Both the gluonic penguin and the electroweak penguin diagrams are considered. In addition the annihilation diagram contributions are also taken in account. We find that the space-like penguin effects are significant.
The b -> d penguin amplitude receives contributions from internal u, c and t-quarks. We show that it is impossible to measure the weak phase of any of these penguin contributions without theoretical input. However, it is possible to obtain the weak phase if one makes a single assumption involving the hadronic parameters. With such an assumption, one can test for the presence of new physics in the b -> d flavour-changing neutral current by comparing the weak phase of B_d^0-{\bar B}_d^0 mixing with that of the t-quark contribution to the b -> d penguin.
In the study of two-body charmless B decays as a mean of looking for direct CP-violation and measuring the CKM mixing parameters in the Standard Model, the short-distance penguin contribution with its absorptive part generated by charm quark loop seems capable of producing sufficient $B \to Kπ$ decays rates, as obtained in factorization and QCD-improved factorization models. However there are also long-distance charming penguin contributions which also give rise to a strong phase due to the rescattering $D^{*}D^{*} \to Kπ$ . In this talk, I would like to discuss \cite{Isola} a recent work on t…
We compute the master integrals that arise in the calculation of the leading penguin amplitudes in non-leptonic B-decays at two-loop order. The application of differential equations in a canonical basis enables us to give analytic results for all master integrals in terms of iterated integrals with rational weight functions. It is the first application of this method to the case of two different internal masses.
We study elelctroweak penguin contributions in pure hadronic $B$ decays in the Standard and two-Higgs-doublet models. We find that in $B_s\rightarrow π^0 (η\;, ϕ)$ and $B_s\rightarrow ρ^0 (η\;, ϕ)$ decays, the electroweak penguin contributions dominate over all other contribuitons. These processes provide unique signatures of electroweak penguin in pure hadronic processes. These modes could be in measureable range of future $B$ facilities.
Using the $B_s$ meson wave function extracted from non-leptonic $B_s$ decays, we reevaluate the rare decays $B_s\to \ell^+\ell^- γ, (\ell=e,μ)$ in the standard model, including two kinds of contributions from magnetic-penguin operator with virtual and real photon. We find that the contributions from magnetic-penguin operator $b\to sγ$ with real photon to the exclusive decays, which is regarded as to be negligible in previous literatures, are large, and the branchings of $B_s\to \ell^+\ell^-γ$ are nearly enhanced by a factor 2. With the predicted branching ratios at order of $10^{-8}$, it is ex…
The strong isospin-breaking correction, Omega_{st}, which appears in estimates of the Standard Model value for the direct CP-violating ratio epsilon'/epsilon, is evaluated to next-to-leading order (NLO) in the chiral expansion using Chiral Perturbation Theory. The relevant linear combinations of the unknown NLO CP-odd weak low-energy constants (LEC's) which, in combination with 1-loop and strong LEC contributions, are required for a complete determination at this order, are estimated using two different models. It is found that, to NLO, Omega_{st}=0.08 +/- 0.05, significantly reduced from the …
We analyze the effects of the space-like penguin diagrams in two body B decays $B^-\to K^-{\bar K}^0$ and $B^-\to π^-{\bar K}^0$. Special attention is paid to the operator $Q_6$, whose contribution is large in the BSW model, but vanishes in the PQCD method in the approximation of neglecting the masses in the final states. Suppressions of the space-like penguin diagrams are found in the PQCD method, which implies that the contributions of the space-like penguins are small compared to those of the time-like penguins.
We consider the problem of factorization in B decays and illustrate the calculation of nonfactorizable contributions employing the QCD light-cone sum rule method. We present a more detailed calculation of the ``charming penguin'' contributions as a potential source of the substantial nonfactorizable O(1/m_b) effects in the B -> pi pi decay. Although the predicted corrections are not sizable, by calculating the CP asymmetry we illustrate how such corrections can accumulate to a visible effect. In conclusion, nonfactorizable contributions in nonleptonic B decays into charmonium are briefly discu…
Including corrections of order $O(m_{K^*}/m_B)$, we present an analysis of photonic penguin contributions to the decay $B\to K^* γ$ in the perturbative QCD framework. Employing several models of the meson wave functions, we demonstrate that the corrections of $O(m_{K^*}/m_B)$ are enhanced and will providesubstantial contributions to the decay because of the B meson wave function being sharply peaked (bound state effect). The numerical predictions for the corrections are about $30%\sim 60%$ which depend on the non-perturbative inputs such as the meson wave functions and the $b$-quark mass.
We consider penguin contributions to the lifetime splitting between the $B_s$ and the $B_d$ meson. In the Standard Model the penguin effects are found to be opposite in sign, but of similar magnitude as the contributions of the current-current operators, despite of the smallness of the penguin coefficients. We predict \begin{eqnarray} \frac{τ(B_s)}{τ(B_d)} -1 &=& \lt(-1.2 \pm 10.0 \rt) \cdot 10^{-3} \cdot \lt(\frac{f_{B_s}}{190 \mathrm{MeV}} \rt)^2, \no \end{eqnarray} where the error stems from hadronic uncertainties. Since penguin coefficients are sensitive to new physics and poorly tested ex…
The precision of the CP phases $2β$ and $2β_s$ determined from the mixing-induced CP asymmetries in $B_d\to J/ψK_S$ and $B_s\to J/ψϕ$, respectively, is limited by the unknown long-distance contribution of a penguin diagram involving up quarks. The penguin contribution is expected to be comparable in size to the precision of the LHCb and Belle II experiments and therefore limits the sensitivity of the measured quantities to new physics. We analyze the infrared QCD structure of this contribution and find that all soft and collinear divergences either cancel between different diagrams or factoriz…
Recent experimental data on the radiative decays B -> V gamma, where V is a light vector meson, find small isospin violation in B -> K^* gamma while isospin asymmetries in B -> rho gamma are of order 20%, with large uncertainties. Using Soft-Collinear Effective Theory, we calculate isospin asymmetries in these radiative B decays up to O(1/m_b), also including O(v alpha_s) contributions from nonperturbative charming penguins (NPCP). In the absence of NPCP contributions, the theoretical predictions for the asymmetries are a few percent or less. Including the NPCP can significantly increase the i…
We investigate the contributions coming from the penguin operators in the nonresonant $B^- \to M \bar M π^-$ ($M =π^-, K^-, K^0$) decays. The effective Wilson coefficients of the the strong penguin operators $O_{4,6}$ are found to be relatively larger. We calculate the contributions arising from the $O_4$ and $O_6$ operators in the nonresonant decays $B^- \to M \bar Mπ^-$ ($M = π^-, K^-, \bar K^0$) using a model combining heavy quark symmetry and the chiral symmetry, developed previously. We find that the forbidden nonresonant $B^- \to K^0 \bar K^0 π^-$ decay occurs through the strong penguin …
We have considered the penguin interaction contribution to $K \rightarrow 2 π$ decays. In particular, we have investigated the effect of the momentum dependence of the penguin coefficient. Our analysis is performed within the Chiral Quark Model where quarks are coupled to the pseudoscalar mesons, which means that hadronic matrix elements can be calculated in terms of quark loop diagrams. We have inserted the momentum dependent penguin coefficient into the relevant quark loop diagrams for $K \rightarrow π$. We discuss two possible prescriptions for performing the calculations, and conclude that…
We perform a finite energy sum rule analysis of the flavor ud two-point V-A current correlator, Delta Pi (Q^2). The analysis, which is performed using both the ALEPH and OPAL databases for the V-A spectral function, Delta rho, allows us to extract the dimension six V-A OPE coefficient, a_6, which is related to the matrix element of the electroweak penguin operator, Q_8, by chiral symmetry. The result for a_6 leads directly to the improved (chiral limit) determination epsilon'/epsilon = (- 15.0 +- 2.7) 10^{-4}. Determination of higher dimension OPE contributions also allows us to perform an ind…
We evaluate $B\to Kπ$ decay amplitudes in perturbative QCD picture. It is found that penguin contributions are dynamically enhanced by nearly 50% compared to those assumed in the factorization approximation. It is also shown that annihilation diagrams are not negligible, and give large strong phases. Our results for branching ratios of $B\to Kπ$ decays for a representative parameter set are consistent with data. We evaluate $B\to Kπ$ decay amplitudes in perturbative QCD picture. It is found that penguin contributions are dynamically enhanced by nearly 50% compared to those assumed in the facto…
A new experimental analysis of $B\to Kπ$ decays provides finite experimental values for the contributions from interference terms between the dominant penguin amplitude and the color-favored and color-suppressed tree amplitudes. These results can explain the puzzling failure to see CP violation in $B^\pm\to Kπ$ decays. Tree-penguin interference contributions are commonly believed to be the source of the observed direct CP violation in $B^o\to K^\pmπ^\mp$ decays. The data show that the color-favored and color-suppressed tree contributions interfere destructively in $B^\pm\to K^\pmπ^o$ decays an…
The $b\to d$ penguin amplitude receives contributions from internal $u$, $c$ and $t$-quarks. We show that it is impossible to measure the weak phase of any of these penguin contributions without theoretical input. However, a single assumption involving the hadronic parameters makes it possible to obtain the weak phase and test for the presence of new physics in the $b\to d$ flavour-changing neutral current.
Performing a fit to the available experimental data, we quantify the effect of long-distance contributions from penguin contractions in B^0 to J/psi K^0 decays. We estimate the deviation of the measured S_CP term of the time-dependent CP asymmetry from sin(2 beta) induced by these contributions and by the penguin operators. We find Delta S = 0.000 +- 0.012 ([-0.025,0.024] @ 95% probability).
Contributions of low energy "eye" and "figure-eight" quark diagrams to the $K \rightarrow π$ weak transitions are studied in a hadron- level phenomenological approach. It is shown that these contributions may be estimated by considering meson-cloud effects. If all intermediate mesons under consideration are degenerate only the "eye" (low-energy penguin) diagram is nonvanishing. When allowance is made for smaller mass of pseudoscalar mesons, the contribution of "figure-eight" diagrams turns out to enhance the $ΔI = \frac{1}{2}$ (suppress the $ΔI = \frac{3}{2}$) amplitudes naturally. The overall…
Some rare hadronic decays of B mesons, such as B->pi K, are sensitive to isospin-violating contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model. Although commonly referred to as electroweak penguins, such contributions can often arise through tree-level exchanges of heavy particles, or through strong-interaction loop diagrams. The Wilson coefficients of the corresponding electroweak penguin operators are calculated in a large class of New Physics models, and in many cases are found not to be suppressed with respect to the QCD penguin coefficients. Several tests for these effects using observab…
The space-like penguin contributions to branching ratios and CP asymmetries in charmless decays of $B$ to two pseudoscalar mesons are studied using the next-to-leading order low energy effective Hamiltonian. Both the gluonic penguin and the electroweak penguin diagrams are considered. We find that the effects are significant.
The $B\to ππ$ hadronic matrix element of the chromomagnetic dipole operator $O_{8g}$ (gluonic penguin) is calculated using the QCD light-cone sum rule approach. The resulting sum rule for $<ππ|O_{8g}|B>$ contains, in addition to the $O(α_s)$ part induced by hard gluon exchanges, a contribution due to soft gluons. We find that in the limit $m_b\to \infty$ the soft-gluon contribution is suppressed as a second power of $1/m_b$ with respect to the leading-order factorizable $B\to ππ$ amplitude, whereas the hard-gluon contribution has only an $α_s$ suppression. Nevertheless, at finite $m_b$, soft a…
The mixing-induced CP asymmetries in $B_d \to J/ψK_S$ and $B_s \to J/ψϕ$ are essential to detect or constrain new physics in the $B_d\! - \overline{\!B}{}_d$ and $B_s\! - \overline{\!B}{}_s$ mixing amplitudes, respectively. To this end one must control the penguin contributions to the decay amplitudes, which affect the extraction of fundamental CP phases from the measured CP asymmetries. Although the "penguin pollution" is doubly Cabibbo-suppressed, it could compete in size with current experimental errors. In this talk I present a calculation of the penguin contributions treating QCD effects …
We calculate the O(alpha_s) corrections to the Z^0-penguin and electroweak box diagrams relevant for non-leptonic Delta F = 1 decays with F = S, B. This calculation provides the complete O(alpha_w alpha_s) and O(alpha_w alpha_s sin^2 theta_w m_t^2) corrections (alpha_w = alpha/sin^2 theta_w) to the Wilson coefficients of the electroweak penguin four quark operators relevant for non-leptonic K- and B-decays. We argue that this is the dominant part of the next-next-to-leading (NNLO) contributions to these coefficients. Our results allow to reduce considerably the uncertainty due to the definitio…
The computation of direct CP asymmetries in charmless B decays at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD is of interest to ascertain the short-distance contribution. Here we compute the two-loop penguin contractions of the current-current operators Q_{1,2} and provide a first estimate of NNLO CP asymmetries in penguin-dominated b -> s transitions.
Using perturbative QCD, the contribution at the leading twist, leading $α_s$ level, of charm and up quark loops to the decays $B \rightarrow K^* γ$ and $B \rightarrow ργ$ is presented. In the case of $B \rightarrow ργ$, the relative importance of these contributions depend upon the unknown CKM matrix elements $V_{bu}$ and $V_{td}$. Assuming that the ratio $r = V_{bc}V^*_{cd}/V_{bt}V^*_{td}$ is bounded between $-2.25 \le r \le -.5$ as is suggested by the Particle Data Group, the error in extracting $ |V_{td}/V_{ts}| $ by these decays is estimated.
We compute standard model penguin amplitudes in nonleptonic B-decays to light charmless mesons using tree amplitude data to fix hadronic parameters. The leading calculation is carried out for the alphas(mb) penguin contributions from charm quark, up quark, and magnetic penguin loops in the NDR and HV renormalization schemes. Power suppressed penguins that are proportional to the chiral condensate are also computed using a new factorization formula for these terms, which is derived working to all orders in alphas(sqrt{mbΛ}). We demonstrate using SCET1 that this formula exhibits only small pertu…
We calculate the contributions of penguin diagrams with internal u or c quarks to various inclusive charmless B-decay rates. Further we analyze the influence of the chromomagnetic dipole operator Q_8 on these rates. We find that the rates corresponding to B-bar --> X_{u u-bar s}, B-bar --> X_{d d-bar s}, B-bar --> X_{s s-bar s}, B-bar --> X_{s s-bar d} and B --> X_{d d-bar d} are dominated by the new penguin contributions. The contributions of Q_8 sizably diminish these rates. Despite of an increase of the total charmless decay rate by 36 % the new contributions are not large enough to explain…
We consider the long distance contributions to inclusive penguin processes through processes like $b\rightarrow s V$ and $b\rightarrow d V$ where $V$ are $^3S_1(c\bar c)$ states $ψ_i$ in the former case and include $ρ$, $ω$ for the latter case. We carefully examine vector dominance for $\bar c c$ states, and conclude that there is a large suppression of $ψ\sim γ$ transition when $ψ$ is at $q^2 = 0$. The long distance effects can be at most 10\% in both the amplitudes for $b\rightarrow sγ$ and $b\rightarrow d γ$. Although the long distance contributions are small, the ratio $BR(b\rightarrow dγ)…
We calculate the penguin form factor for the (B -> eta l^+ l^-) decay. This form factor is calculated in light cone QCD sum rules, including contributions from wave functions up to twist-4, as well as mass corrections of the light (eta) meson.
New physics contributions to B decays often arise through chromo-magnetic penguin operators. To look for new physics effects in B decays, it is useful to be able to estimate the hadronic matrix elements for the chromo-magnetic operator. We compute this contribution to B ->phi K decays using PQCD methods. It is shown that, if the Wilson coefficient of the new physics is same order of magnitude as that of the Standard Model, this operator gives a non-negligible contribution compared to that of the Standard Model (about 30%). We also investigate the value of q^2, which is the momentum transferred…
We evaluate the decays B => K* pi, K (rho,omega,phi) adding the long distance charming penguin contributions to the short distance: Tree+Penguin amplitudes. We estimate the imaginary part of the charming penguin by an effective field theory inspired by the Heavy Quark Effective Theory and parameterize its real part. The final results for branching ratios depend on only two real parameters and show a significant role of the charming penguins. The overall agreement with the available experimental data is satisfactory.
We discuss a novel electromagnetic penguin contribution to the transverse helicity amplitudes in B decays to two vector mesons, which is enhanced by two powers of mB/Lambda relative to the standard penguin amplitudes. This leads to unique polarization signatures in penguin-dominated decay modes such as B-->rho K* similar to polarization effects in the radiative decay B-->K*gamma, and offers new opportunities to probe the magnitude and chirality of flavour-changing neutral current couplings to photons.
