自然中的自由
Freedom in Nature
摘要：
本文首先提出，自由意志问题的明显不溶性的原因是几个流行的，但强烈的形而上学的概念和假设。为了减少形而上学，一些想法是从物理学借用。事件因果关系的概念进行了讨论。休谟的因果性原则的重要性被强调，他的因果关系原则被削弱。本文的核心概念，所谓的相对自由，也是由物理学提出的。这是一种在自然界中随处可见的自由。回到生物学，不完整的知识是为所有生物体定义的。他们通过波普尔的试错过程来处理这个问题。他们成功的一个来源是从基本选项范围中选择的相对自由：突变，运动和神经连接。最后，通过猜想，沟通性可以被用来作为一个标准的意识和自由意志被定义为一个有意识的版本相对自由。由此产生的概念在逻辑上是自洽的，它描述了一个与我们的经验一致的可观察现象。
英文摘要：
The paper starts with the proposal that the cause of the apparent insolubility of the free-will problem are several popular but strongly metaphysical notions and hypotheses. To reduce the metaphysics, some ideas are borrowed from physics. A concept of event causality is discussed. The importance of Hume's Principle of Causality is stressed and his Principle of Causation is weakened. The key concept of the paper, the so-called relative freedom, is also suggested by physics. It is a kind of freedom that can be observed everywhere in nature. Turning to biology, incomplete knowledge is defined for all organisms. They cope with the problem by Popper's trial and error processes. One source of their success is the relative freedom of choice from the basic option ranges: mutations, motions and neural connections. Finally, the conjecture is adopted that communicability can be used as a criterion of consciousness and free will is defined as a conscious version of relative freedom. The resulting notion is logically self-consistent and it describes an observable phenomenon that agrees with our experience.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
