白垩中的沉降和毛细管效应
Subsidence and capillary effects in chalks
摘要：
本文根据非饱和土力学中润湿流体（水）与非润湿流体（空气）之间存在毛细现象的概念，分析了含油白垩（非润湿流体）在注水（润湿流体）过程中的沉降。结果表明，非饱和土湿陷现象提供了一个物理解释和一个令人满意的预测的数量级的白垩沉降。使用一个完善的非饱和土的本构模型，允许描述的流体力学历史的白垩，从它的沉积石油开采。
英文摘要：
Based on the concepts of the mechanics of unsaturated soils where capillary phenomena arise between the wetting fluid (water) and the non-wetting one (air), the subsidence of chalks containing oil (non-wetting fluid) during water injection (wetting fluid) is analysed. It is shown that the collapse phenomenon of unsaturated soils under wetting provides a physical explanation and a satisfactory prediction of the order of magnitude of the subsidence of the chalk. The use of a well established constitutive model for unsaturated soils allows a description of the hydro-mechanical history of the chalk, from its deposition to the oil exploitation.
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