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arXiv 0803.1080astro-ph
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2003年EL61表面的研究:外海王星带最大的碳贫化天体

Study of the Surface of 2003 EL61: the largest carbon-depleted object in the trans-neptunian belt

N. Pinilla-ALonso, R. Brunetto, J. Licandro, R. Gil-Hutton, T. L. Roush, G. Strazzulla

摘要:

2003 EL 61是一组TNO中最大的成员,具有相似的轨道和“独特”的光谱(在可见光和最深的水冰吸收带中观测到的中性斜率)。研究2003 EL 61的表面成分,对这组特殊的TNO的起源和外太阳系的历史提供了有用的限制。我们目前的可见光和近红外光谱的2003年EL 61获得的4.2米WHT和3.6米TNG在罗克德洛斯Muchachos天文台(加那利群岛,西班牙)。获得了几乎覆盖一个完整旋转周期的不同旋转相位的近红外光谱。光谱拟合使用Hapke散射模型和约束的表面组成的推导。在不同的旋转相位的光谱斜率和水冰吸收带的深度没有显着的变化是显而易见的,这表明2003年EL 61的表面是均匀的。散射模型表明,结晶和无定形水冰的1:1紧密混合物是该TNO表面最可能的组成,并将其他次要成分的存在限制在最大8%。导出的组成表明:a)冰火山活动不太可能是这些天体表面大量存在水冰的主要表面重塑过程; b)表面年龄超过10^8年。任何灾难性的事件,比如被认为是这个种群起源的碰撞,都必须至少发生在10^8年前; c)2003 EL 61的表面已经耗尽了碳链。根据这个群体的轨道参数,这使它成为碳耗尽的木星家族彗星的可能来源。

英文摘要:

2003 EL61 is the largest member of a group of TNOs with similar orbits and 'unique' spectra (neutral slope in the visible and the deepest water ice absorption bands ever observed in the TNb). Studying the composition of the surface of 2003 EL61 provides useful constrains on the origin of this particular group of TNOs and on the outer Solar system's history. We present visible and near-infrared spectra of 2003 EL61 obtained with the 4.2m WHT and the 3.6m TNG at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (Canary Islands, Spain). Near infrared spectra were obtained at different rotational phases covering almost one complete rotational period. Spectra are fitted using Hapke scattering models and constraints on the surface composition are derived. No significant variations in the spectral slope and in the depth of the water ice absorption bands at different rotational phases are evident, suggesting that the surface of 2003 EL61 is homogeneous. The scattering models show that a 1:1 intimate mixture of crystalline and amorphous water ice is the most probable composition for the surface of this TNO, and constrain the presence of other minor constituents to a maximum of 8% The derived composition suggests that: a) cryovolcanism is unlikely to be the main resurfacing process responsible for the high presence of water ice on the surface of these bodies; b) the surface is older than 10^8 yr. Any catastrophic event, like the collision suggested to be the origin of this population, had to happen at least 10^8 yr ago; c) the surface of 2003 EL61 is depleted of carbon chains. According to the orbital parameters of this population, this makes it a possible source of carbon-depleted Jupiter family comets.

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