SN 1994 I的后期HST测光：正电子湮没能量沉积的线索
Late-Time HST Photometry of SN 1994I: Hints of Positron Annihilation Energy Deposition
摘要：
本文介绍了哈勃空间望远镜（HST）WFPC 2对Ic型SN 1994 I的宽带观测，观测时间大约是在最大光照后280天。我们测量SN的亮度，并依靠SN 1994 I的详细光谱数据库，将早期获得的地面测光转换为HST测光系统，推导出WFPC 2 F439W，F555W，F675W和F814W通带的光变曲线，这些通带从最大值之前的7天延伸到最大值之后的280天。本文利用测辐射光度法建立了SN 1994 I的准测辐射光度光变曲线，并与其它超新星的类似光变曲线进行了比较。在这样做的时候，我们提出并测试了一个缩放的能量和时间，允许一个更有意义的比较不同的事件的指数尾。通过与模型的比较，我们发现SN 1994 I的后期光变曲线与同系膨胀的球对称喷出物一致，后者捕获56 Co放射性衰变产生的γ射线的能力大致随时间平方的倒数而减小。我们还发现，在HST测光的时候，光变曲线被正电子的湮灭显著地激发。
英文摘要：
We present multicolor Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFPC2 broadband observations of the Type Ic SN 1994I obtained approximately 280 days after maximum light. We measure the brightness of the SN and, relying on the detailed spectroscopic database of SN 1994I, we transform the ground-based photometry obtained at early times to the HST photometric system, deriving light curves for the WFPC2 F439W, F555W, F675W, and F814W passbands that extend from 7 days before to 280 days after maximum. We use the multicolor photometry to build a quasi-bolometric light curve of SN 1994I, and compare it with similarly constructed light curves of other supernovae. In doing so, we propose and test a scaling in energy and time that allows for a more meaningful comparison of the exponential tails of different events. Through comparison with models, we find that the late-time light curve of SN 1994I is consistent with that of spherically symmetric ejecta in homologous expansion, for which the ability to trap the Gamma-rays produced by the radioactive decay of 56Co diminishes roughly as the inverse of time squared. We also find that by the time of the HST photometry, the light curve was significantly energized by the annihilation of positrons.
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