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arXiv 0802.3779astro-ph
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黑洞吸积流中低频QPO的激发

Excitation of Low-Frequency QPOs in Black Hole Accretion Flows

Mami Machida, Ryoji Matsumoto

摘要:

本文给出了黑洞吸积流的整体三维磁流体动力学模拟结果。我们专注于从外部区域提供的气体温度Tout的数值结果的依赖性。广义相对论效应考虑使用伪牛顿势。我们忽略了吸积气体的辐射冷却。初始状态是一个环面,其密度最大值位于距离引力中心35 rs或50 rs处,其中rs是史瓦西半径。环面最初由弱方位磁场穿过。我们发现,质量吸积速率和质量流出速率强烈依赖于初始环的温度。由磁旋转不稳定性(MRI)产生的平均麦克斯韦应力与气体压力的比率在热环中为α ~0.05,在冷环中为α ~ 0.01。在冷模型中,在4- 8 rs左右形成恒定角动量的内环面。这个内部环面准周期性地从圆形变形为新月形。在这种变形过程中,质量吸积率,磁能和麦克斯韦应力增加。当磁能被释放时,内部环面恢复为圆形并开始下一个循环。冷模型中质量吸积率随时间变化的功率谱密度(PSD)在10 Hz附近有一个低频峰,当我们假设一个10太阳质量的黑洞时,功率谱密度在10 Hz附近有一个低频峰。热模型的PSD在1- 30 Hz内是平坦的。在30- 100 Hz范围内,冷态下的功率谱密度比热态下的大。低温模型中的质量流出率也表现出准周期振荡。在这两个模型中都会产生间歇性流出。流出速度为$0.01c - 0.05c$。

英文摘要:

We present the results of global three dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of black hole accretion flows. We focus on the dependence of numerical results on the gas temperature Tout supplied from the outer region. General relativistic effects are taken into account using the pseudo-Newtonian potential. We ignore the radiative cooling of the accreting gas. The initial state is a torus whose density maximum is at 35rs or 50rs from the gravitating center, where rs is the Schwarzschild radius. The torus is initially threaded by a weak azimuthal magnetic field. We found that mass accretion rate and the mass outflow rate strongly depend on the temperature of the initial torus. The ratio of the average Maxwell stress generated by the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) to gas pressure is alpha ~0.05 in the hot torus and alpha ~ 0.01 in the cool torus. In the cool model, a constant angular momentum inner torus is formed around 4-8rs. This inner torus deforms itself from a circle to a crescent quasi-periodically. During this deformation, the mass accretion rate, the magnetic energy and the Maxwell stress increase. As the magnetic energy is released, the inner torus returns to a circular shape and starts the next cycle. Power spectral density (PSD) of the time variation of the mass accretion rate in the cool model has a low frequency peak around 10Hz when we assumed a 10 solar mass black hole. The PSD of the hot model is flat in 1-30Hz. The slope of the PSD in the cool model is steeper than that in the hot model in 30-100Hz. The mass outflow rate in the low temperature model also shows quasi-periodic oscillation. Intermittent outflows are created in both models. The outflow speed is $0.01c - 0.05c$.

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